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In recent years, the field of medicine has been increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to provide faster and more accurate disease detection, prediction, and assessment. In this study, we propose an interpretable AI…

The rapid advance of generative AI is reshaping the strategic vision for R&D across industries. The unique challenges of pharmaceutical R&D will see applications of generative AI deliver value along the entire value chain from early…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-21 Guy Doron , Sam Genway , Mark Roberts , Sai Jasti

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has emerged as a fundamental component of intelligent interactive systems, enabling the automatic generation of multimodal media content. The continuous enhancement in the quality of Artificial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yongquan Hu , Dawen Zhang , Mingyue Yuan , Kaiqi Xian , Don Samitha Elvitigala , June Kim , Gelareh Mohammadi , Zhenchang Xing , Xiwei Xu , Aaron Quigley

More than 3 billion people lack access to care for skin disease. AI diagnostic tools may aid in early skin cancer detection; however most models have not been assessed on images of diverse skin tones or uncommon diseases. To address this,…

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is marked by significant inter-individual variability in its progression, complicating accurate prognosis and personalized care planning. This heterogeneity underscores the critical need for predictive models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Gulsah Hancerliogullari Koksalmis , Bulent Soykan , Laura J. Brattain , Hsin-Hsiung Huang

Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer and its incidence is projected to rise over the next decade. Artificial intelligence is a viable solution to the issue of providing quality care to patients in areas lacking access to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Nithin D Reddy

Despite the success of Convolutional Neural Network-based Computer-Aided Diagnosis research, its clinical applications remain challenging. Accordingly, developing medical Artificial Intelligence (AI) fitting into a clinical environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Changhee Han , Leonardo Rundo , Kohei Murao , Takafumi Nemoto , Hideki Nakayama

Neuroscience and neurotechnology are currently being revolutionized by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. AI is widely used to study and interpret neural signals (analytical applications), assist people with disabilities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-14 MohammadAli Shaeri , Arshia Afzal , Mahsa Shoaran

United States healthcare systems are struggling to meet the growing demand for neurological care, particularly in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Generative AI built on language models (LLMs) now enables agentic AI systems…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential to positively impact and advance medical imaging, including positron emission tomography (PET) imaging applications. AI has the ability to enhance and optimize all aspects of the PET…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Arkadiusz Sitek , Sangtae Ahn , Evren Asma , Adam Chandler , Alvin Ihsani , Sven Prevrhal , Arman Rahmim , Babak Saboury , Kris Thielemans

Dry eye disease (DED) has a prevalence of between 5 and 50\%, depending on the diagnostic criteria used and population under study. However, it remains one of the most underdiagnosed and undertreated conditions in ophthalmology. Many tests…

Skin cancer is a major public health problem around the world. Its early detection is very important to increase patient prognostics. However, the lack of qualified professionals and medical instruments are significant issues in this field.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-09 Andre G. C. Pacheco , Renato A. Krohling

Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches are increasingly being applied to more and more domains of Science, Engineering, Chemistry, and Industries to not only improve efficiencies and enhance productivity, but also enable new capabilities.…

Machine learning (ML) applications in medical artificial intelligence (AI) systems have shifted from traditional and statistical methods to increasing application of deep learning models. This survey navigates the current landscape of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Elisa Warner , Joonsang Lee , William Hsu , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood , Charles Kahn , Olivier Gevaert , Arvind Rao

Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based algorithms have revolutionized the medical image segmentation processes. Thus, the precise segmentation of organs and their lesions may contribute to an efficient diagnostics process and a more…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-21 Zofia Rudnicka , Janusz Szczepanski , Agnieszka Pregowska

Recent advances in generative AI have brought incredible breakthroughs in several areas, including medical imaging. These generative models have tremendous potential not only to help safely share medical data via synthetic datasets but also…

Early and accurate melanoma detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence AI have shown promise in this area, but the technologys effectiveness across diverse skin tones remains a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Laura N Montoya , Jennafer Shae Roberts , Belen Sanchez Hidalgo

Melanoma is a prevalent lethal type of cancer that is treatable if diagnosed at early stages of development. Skin lesions are a typical indicator for diagnosing melanoma but they often led to delayed diagnosis due to high similarities of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Ruitong Sun , Mohammad Rostami

The rapid growth of digital pathology in recent years has provided an ideal opportunity for the development of artificial intelligence-based tools to improve the accuracy and efficiency of clinical diagnoses. One of the significant…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-08 Jack Breen , Kieran Zucker , Katie Allen , Nishant Ravikumar , Nicolas M. Orsi

This review introduces the transformative potential of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), for health technology assessment (HTA). We explore their applications in four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Rachael Fleurence , Jiang Bian , Xiaoyan Wang , Hua Xu , Dalia Dawoud , Mitch Higashi , Jagpreet Chhatwal
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