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Related papers: Access Controls Will Solve the Dual-Use Dilemma

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The capabilities of artificial intelligence systems have been advancing to a great extent, but these systems still struggle with failure modes, vulnerabilities, and biases. In this paper, we study the current state of the field, and present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xingli Fang , Jianwei Li , Varun Mulchandani , Jung-Eun Kim

AI agents, specifically powered by large language models, have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various applications where precision and efficacy are necessary. However, these agents come with inherent risks, including the potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ishaan Domkundwar , Mukunda N S , Ishaan Bhola , Riddhik Kochhar

Many people struggle to control their use of digital devices. However, our understanding of the design mechanisms that support user self-control remains limited. In this paper, we make two contributions to HCI research in this space: first,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Ulrik Lyngs , Kai Lukoff , Petr Slovak , Reuben Binns , Adam Slack , Michael Inzlicht , Max Van Kleek , Nigel Shadbolt

AI is transforming life sciences research at unprecedented speed, accelerating discovery across protein structure prediction, genome modeling, and drug development (Jumper et al., 2021; Mak et al., 2024). Yet this rapid advancement, coupled…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Vasudha Sharma , Chakresh Kumar Singh , Jayesh Choudhari , Dharmit Nakrani

Planning safe trajectories under model uncertainty is a fundamental challenge. Robust planning ensures safety by considering worst-case realizations, yet ignores uncertainty reduction and leads to overly conservative behavior. Actively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Kaleb Ben Naveed , Devansh R. Agrawal , Dimitra Panagou

The digital age requires strong security measures to protect online activities. Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) has emerged as a critical solution. However, its implementation presents significant challenges, particularly in terms of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Alexander Lengert

When AI agents don't align their actions with human values they may cause serious harm. One way to solve the value alignment problem is by including a human operator who monitors all of the agent's actions. Despite the fact, that this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yitzhak Spielberg , Amos Azaria

Assuring safety of artificial intelligence (AI) applied to safety-critical systems is of paramount importance. Especially since research in the field of automated driving shows that AI is able to outperform classical approaches, to handle…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Lars Ullrich , Michael Buchholz , Klaus Dietmayer , Knut Graichen

What makes safety claims about general purpose AI systems such as large language models trustworthy? We show that rather than the capabilities of security tools such as alignment and red teaming procedures, it is security practices based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Petr Spelda , Vit Stritecky

Alphanumeric authentication routinely fails to regulate access to resources with the required stringency, primarily due to usability issues. Initial deployment did not reveal the problems of passwords, deep and profound flaws only emerged…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-01-22 Joseph Maguire , Karen Renaud

Systems that augment sensory abilities are increasingly employing AI and machine learning (ML) approaches, with applications ranging from object recognition and scene description tools for blind users to sound awareness tools for d/Deaf…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Leah Findlater , Steven Goodman , Yuhang Zhao , Shiri Azenkot , Margot Hanley

This paper examines the dual-use challenges of foundation models and the consequent risks they pose for international security. As artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly tested and deployed across both civilian and military…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Alan Hickey

Precise access control decisions are crucial for the security of both traditional applications and emerging agent-based systems. Typically, these decisions are made by users during app installation or at runtime. However, due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Friederike Groschupp , Daniele Lain , Aritra Dhar , Lara Magdalena Lazier , Srdjan Čapkun

Recent research advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have yielded promising results for automated software vulnerability management. AI-based models are reported to greatly outperform traditional static analysis tools, indicating a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Shengye Wan , Joshua Saxe , Craig Gomes , Sahana Chennabasappa , Avilash Rath , Kun Sun , Xinda Wang

Potential malicious misuse of civilian artificial intelligence (AI) poses serious threats to security on a national and international level. Besides defining autonomous systems from a technological viewpoint and explaining how AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Lukas Pöhler , Valentin Schrader , Alexander Ladwein , Florian von Keller

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been advancing at a fast pace and it is now poised for deployment in a wide range of applications, such as autonomous systems, medical diagnosis and natural language processing. Early adoption of AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Marta Kwiatkowska , Xiyue Zhang

Human feedback is critical for aligning AI systems to human values. As AI capabilities improve and AI is used to tackle more challenging tasks, verifying quality and safety becomes increasingly challenging. This paper explores how we can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Rishub Jain , Sophie Bridgers , Lili Janzer , Rory Greig , Tian Huey Teh , Vladimir Mikulik

Access control policies are used to restrict access to sensitive records for authorized users only. One approach for specifying policies is using role based access control (RBAC) where authorization is given to roles instead of users. Users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-27 Khair Eddin Sabri

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly used in a variety of domains to automate tasks, interact with users, and make decisions based on data inputs. Ensuring that AI agents perform only authorized actions and handle inputs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Nadya Abaev , Denis Klimov , Gerard Levinov , David Mimran , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

Planning safe trajectories under model uncertainty is a fundamental challenge. Robust planning ensures safety by considering worst-case realizations, yet ignores uncertainty reduction and leads to overly conservative behavior. Actively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Kaleb Ben Naveed , Manveer Singh , Devansh R. Agrawal , Dimitra Panagou