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Photon Number Resolving Detectors (PNRDs) are devices capable of measuring the number of photons present in an incident optical beam, enabling light sources to be measured and characterized at the quantum level. In this paper, we explore…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) can enable photon-number resolution (PNR) based on accurate measurements of the detector's response time to few-photon optical pulses. In this work we investigate the impact of the…

Heralded single-photon sources (HSPS) intrinsically suffer from multiphoton emission, leading to a trade-off between the source's quality and the heralding rate. A solution to this problem is to use photon-number-resolving (PNR) detectors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Lorenzo Stasi , Patrik Caspar , Tiff Brydges , Hugo Zbinden , Félix Bussières , Rob Thew

The Parallel Nanowire Detector (PND) is a photon number resolving (PNR) detector which uses spatial multiplexing on a subwavelength scale to provide a single electrical output proportional to the photon number. The basic structure of the…

Optics · Physics 2010-01-15 F Marsili , D Bitauld , A Gaggero , S Jahanmirinejad , R Leoni , F Mattioli , A Fiore

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with near-unity system efficiency is a key enabling, but still elusive technology for numerous quantum fundamental theory verifications and quantum information applications. The key…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-12-30 Peng Hu , Hao Li , Lixing You , Heqing Wang , You Xiao , Jia Huang , Xiaoyan Yang , Weijun Zhang , Zhen Wang , Xiaoming Xie

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are the highest performing photon-counting technology in the near-infrared (NIR). Due to delay-line effects, large area SNSPDs typically trade-off timing resolution and detection…

The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is a quantum-limit superconducting optical detector based on the Cooper-pair breaking effect by a single photon, which exhibits a higher detection efficiency, lower dark count…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-06-02 Lixing You

We present the experimental demonstration of a superconducting photon number resolving detector. It is based on the series connection of N superconducting nanowires, each connected in parallel to an integrated resistor. The device provides…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-04 Saeedeh Jahanmirinejad , Giulia Frucci , Francesco Mattioli , Dondu Sahin , Alessandro Gaggero , Roberto Leoni , Andrea Fiore

Integrated arrays of Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (SNSPDs) have shown capabilities such as Photon Number Resolution, single photon imaging and coincidences detection, and can be effectively used also in other different…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) combine high detection efficiency, low noise, and excellent timing resolution, making them a leading platform for photon-counting applications. However, despite decades of materials…

We analyze the performance of photon-number-resolving (PNR) detectors and introduce a figure of merit for the accuracy of such detectors. This figure of merit is the (worst-case) probability that the photon-number-resolving detector…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-24 Mattias Jönsson , Gunnar Björk

In a recent publication we have proposed a numerical model that describes the detection process of optical photons in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD). Here, we review this model and present a significant improvement…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-24 Andreas Engel , Julia Lonsky , Xiaofu Zhang , Andreas Schilling

Significance: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs; also known as SSPDs) show enormous promise for low-light biomedical imaging by offering exceptional sensitivity, picosecond timing resolution, and broad spectral…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-09 Emi Cora Valmai Hughes , Avinash Upadhya , Kishan Dholakia

Since their inception, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors have been enabling quantum optical applications and the rise of the photonic quantum industry. The evolution in the detector design and read-out strategies has led to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Lorenzo Stasi , Towsif Taher , Giovanni V. Resta , Hugo Zbinden , Rob Thew , Félix Bussières

The observation of fast physical dynamics using optical techniques currently relies on indirect methods, such as pump-probe measurements. One reason for this is the lack of an efficient detector with high time resolution. Single-photon…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) perform single-photon counting with exceptional sensitivity and time resolution at near-infrared wavelengths. State-of-the-art SNSPDs, based on 100 nm-wide, 4 to 5 nm thick NbN…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 F. Marsili , F. Najafi , E. Dauler , F. Bellei , X. Hu , M. C. Csete , R. Molnar , K. K. Berggren

Single-photon detectors and nanoscale superconducting devices are two major candidates for realizing quantum technologies. Superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) comprise these two solid-state and optic aspects enabling…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-01-24 Itamar Holzman , Yachin Ivry

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) emerged in the last decade as a disruptive technology that features performance characteristics, such as high sensitivity, dynamic range and temporal accuracy, which are ideally…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are the current leading technology for the detection of single-photons in the near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral regions, due to record performance in terms…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) at a wavelength of 532 nm were designed and fabricated aiming to satellite laser ranging (SLR) applications. The NbN SNSPDs were fabricated on one-dimensional photonic crystals with…