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Large vision-language models (LVLMs) are markedly proficient in deriving visual representations guided by natural language. Recent explorations have utilized LVLMs to tackle zero-shot visual anomaly detection (VAD) challenges by pairing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiaqi Zhu , Shaofeng Cai , Fang Deng , Beng Chin Ooi , Junran Wu

Prompt learning is one of the most effective and trending ways to adapt powerful vision-language foundation models like CLIP to downstream datasets by tuning learnable prompt vectors with very few samples. However, although prompt learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Cairong Zhao , Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , Yifei Shen , Kaitao Song , Dongsheng Li , Duoqian Miao

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits remarkable versatility and zero-shot learning abilities, owing largely to its extensive training data (SA-1B). Recognizing SAM's dependency on manual guidance given its category-agnostic nature, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Xiyu Qi , Yifan Wu , Yongqiang Mao , Wenhui Zhang , Yidan Zhang

Current zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) methods show remarkable success in prompting large pre-trained vision-language models to detect anomalies in a target dataset without using any dataset-specific training or demonstration. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jiawen Zhu , Yew-Soon Ong , Chunhua Shen , Guansong Pang

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) with incremental training is crucial in industrial manufacturing, as unpredictable defects make obtaining sufficient labeled data infeasible. However, continual learning methods primarily rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Jiaqi Liu , Kai Wu , Qiang Nie , Ying Chen , Bin-Bin Gao , Yong Liu , Jinbao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Feng Zheng

Segment Anything Model (SAM) represents a large-scale segmentation model that enables powerful zero-shot capabilities with flexible prompts. While SAM can segment any object in zero-shot, it requires user-provided prompts for each target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Kosuke Sakurai , Ryotaro Shimizu , Masayuki Goto

Recently, foundational models such as CLIP and SAM have shown promising performance for the task of Zero-Shot Anomaly Segmentation (ZSAS). However, either CLIP-based or SAM-based ZSAS methods still suffer from non-negligible key drawbacks:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Shengze Li , Jianjian Cao , Peng Ye , Yuhan Ding , Chongjun Tu , Tao Chen

This paper presents the first application of neural architecture search to the complex task of segmenting visual anomalies. Measurement of anomaly segmentation performance is challenging due to imbalanced anomaly pixels, varying region…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Tommie Kerssies , Joaquin Vanschoren

Vision-language models have recently shown strong generalization in zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD), enabling the detection of unseen anomalies without task-specific supervision. However, existing approaches typically rely on fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Peng Chen , Chao Huang

To address the annotation scarcity issue in some cases of semantic segmentation, there have been a few attempts to develop the segmentation model in the few-shot learning paradigm. However, most existing methods only focus on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Pinzhuo Tian , Zhangkai Wu , Lei Qi , Lei Wang , Yinghuan Shi , Yang Gao

Few-normal shot anomaly detection (FNSAD) aims to detect abnormal regions in images using only a few normal training samples, making the task highly challenging due to limited supervision and the diversity of potential defects. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Morteza Poudineh , Marc Lalonde

Recently, vision-language models (e.g. CLIP) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD). By leveraging auxiliary data during training, these models can directly perform cross-category anomaly detection on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zhen Qu , Xian Tao , Xinyi Gong , Shichen Qu , Qiyu Chen , Zhengtao Zhang , Xingang Wang , Guiguang Ding

Adapting vision-language models to remote sensing imagery presents a fundamental challenge: both the visual and linguistic distributions of satellite data lie far outside natural image pretraining corpora. Despite this, prompting remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Harshith Kethavath , Weiming Hu

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) is crucial for detecting anomalous patterns in target datasets without using training samples, specifically in scenarios where there are distributional differences between the target domain and training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jiyul Ham , Yonggon Jung , Jun-Geol Baek

Semantic segmentation networks have achieved significant success under the assumption of independent and identically distributed data. However, these networks often struggle to detect anomalies from unknown semantic classes due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Liangyu Zhong , Joachim Sicking , Fabian Hüger , Hanno Gottschalk

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) family has become a widely adopted vision foundation model, but its ability to control segmentation granularity remains limited. Users often need to refine results manually - by adding more prompts or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Junwei Yu , Trevor Darrell , XuDong Wang

The advent of foundation models signals a new era in artificial intelligence. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is the first foundation model for image segmentation. In this study, we evaluate SAM's ability to segment features from eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Virmarie Maquiling , Sean Anthony Byrne , Diederick C. Niehorster , Marcus Nyström , Enkelejda Kasneci

Segmentation is a fundamental task in computer vision, with prompt-driven methods gaining prominence due to their flexibility. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) excels at point-prompted segmentation, while text-based models, often leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Suzhe Xu , Jialin Peng , Chengyuan Zhang

Unsupervised image semantic segmentation(UISS) aims to match low-level visual features with semantic-level representations without outer supervision. In this paper, we address the critical properties from the view of feature alignments and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Daoan Zhang , Chenming Li , Haoquan Li , Wenjian Huang , Lingyun Huang , Jianguo Zhang

Unsupervised image segmentation is a critical task in computer vision. It enables dense scene understanding without human annotations, which is especially valuable in domains where labelled data is scarce. However, existing methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Boujemaa Guermazi , Riadh Ksantini , Naimul Khan