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Structured state-space models (SSMs) such as S4, stemming from the seminal work of Gu et al., are gaining popularity as effective approaches for modeling sequential data. Deep SSMs demonstrate outstanding performance across a diverse set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Nicola Muca Cirone , Antonio Orvieto , Benjamin Walker , Cristopher Salvi , Terry Lyons

State space models (SSMs) have emerged as a powerful framework for modelling long-range dependencies in sequence data. Unlike traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), SSMs offer a structured and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Siddhanth Bhat

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) have quickly become the leading choice for inherently-interpretable machine learning. However, unlike uninterpretable methods such as DNNs, they lack expressive power and easy scalability, and are hence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Abhimanyu Dubey , Filip Radenovic , Dhruv Mahajan

Long-range dependencies are critical for understanding genomic structure and function, yet most conventional methods struggle with them. Widely adopted transformer-based models, while excelling at short-context tasks, are limited by the…

Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) has emerged as a promising alternative to classical methods for predicting dynamical systems, offering faster and more generalizable solutions. However, existing models, including recurrent neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zheyuan Hu , Nazanin Ahmadi Daryakenari , Qianli Shen , Kenji Kawaguchi , George Em Karniadakis

Probabilistic State Space Models (SSMs) are essential for Reinforcement Learning (RL) from high-dimensional, partial information as they provide concise representations for control. Yet, they lack the computational efficiency of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Philipp Becker , Niklas Freymuth , Gerhard Neumann

Time series modeling is a well-established problem, which often requires that methods (1) expressively represent complicated dependencies, (2) forecast long horizons, and (3) efficiently train over long sequences. State-space models (SSMs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Michael Zhang , Khaled K. Saab , Michael Poli , Tri Dao , Karan Goel , Christopher Ré

Structured State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as compelling alternatives to Transformer architectures, offering linear-time complexity and superior performance in various sequence modeling tasks. Despite their advantages, SSMs like the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Tian Meng , Yang Tao , Wuliang Yin

Subspace identification methods (SIMs) have proven to be very useful and numerically robust for building state-space models. While most SIMs are consistent, few if any can achieve the efficiency of the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE).…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-06 Jiabao He , S. Joe Qin , Håkan Hjalmarsson

Mechanisms are a fundamental concept in many areas of science. Nonetheless, there has been little effort to develop structures to represent mechanisms. We explore the issues in developing a basic semantic modeling framework for describing…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Robert B Allen

Recent State Space Models (SSMs) such as S4, S5, and Mamba have shown remarkable computational benefits in long-range temporal dependency modeling. However, in many sequence modeling problems, the underlying process is inherently modular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jindong Jiang , Fei Deng , Gautam Singh , Minseung Lee , Sungjin Ahn

Continuous-time state-space models (SSMs) are flexible tools for analysing irregularly sampled sequential observations that are driven by an underlying state process. Corresponding applications typically involve restrictive assumptions…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-29 Sina Mews , Roland Langrock , Marius Ötting , Houda Yaqine , Jost Reinecke

State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as an appealing alternative to Transformers for large language models, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy with constant memory complexity which allows for holding longer context lengths than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Hung-Yueh Chiang , Chi-Chih Chang , Natalia Frumkin , Kai-Chiang Wu , Diana Marculescu

State space models (SSM) have been widely applied for the analysis and visualization of large sequential datasets. Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) is a very popular particle-based method to sample latent states from intractable posteriors.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Duo Xu

Embedding spaces are fundamental to modern AI, translating raw data into high-dimensional vectors that encode rich semantic relationships. Yet, their internal structures remain opaque, with existing approaches often sacrificing semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yandong Sun , Qiang Huang , Ziwei Xu , Yiqun Sun , Yixuan Tang , Anthony K. H. Tung

State-space models (SSMs) have recently emerged as a compelling alternative to Transformers for sequence modeling tasks. This paper presents a theoretical generalization analysis of selective SSMs, the core architectural component behind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Arya Honarpisheh , Mustafa Bozdag , Octavia Camps , Mario Sznaier

The systematic modelling of \emph{dynamic spatial systems} [9] is a key requirement in a wide range of application areas such as comonsense cognitive robotics, computer-aided architecture design, dynamic geographic information systems. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Przemysław Andrzej Wałęga , Mehul Bhatt , Carl Schultz

Selective state-space models (SSMs) are an emerging alternative to the Transformer, offering the unique advantage of parallel training and sequential inference. Although these models have shown promising performance on a variety of tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Aleksandar Terzić , Michael Hersche , Giacomo Camposampiero , Thomas Hofmann , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

State Space Models (SSMs) are powerful tools for modeling sequential data in computer vision and time series analysis domains. However, traditional SSMs are limited by fixed, one-dimensional sequential processing, which restricts their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Nikola Zubić , Davide Scaramuzza

Many real-world dynamical systems can be described as State-Space Models (SSMs). In this formulation, each observation is emitted by a latent state, which follows first-order Markovian dynamics. A Probabilistic Deep SSM (ProDSSM)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Andreas Look , Melih Kandemir , Barbara Rakitsch , Jan Peters