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This paper presents an overview of the use of elliptic curves in cryptography. The security of this cryptosystem is based on the discrete logarithm problem, which appears to be much harder compared to the discrete logarithm problem in other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Marcos Portnoi

Chosen-ciphertext security, which guarantees confidentiality of encrypted messages even in the presence of a decryption oracle, has become the defacto notion of security for public-key encryption under active attack. In this manuscript, for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-08 Roohallah Rastaghi

We prove the first hardness results against efficient proof search by quantum algorithms. We show that under Learning with Errors (LWE), the standard lattice-based cryptographic assumption, no quantum algorithm can weakly automate…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Noel Arteche , Gaia Carenini , Matthew Gray

Quantum computing threatens the security foundations of consumer electronics (CE). Preparing the diverse CE ecosystem, particularly resource-constrained devices, for the post-quantum era requires quantitative understanding of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Daniel Commey , Benjamin Appiah , Griffith S. Klogo , Winful Bagyl-Bac , James D. Gadze , Yousef Alsenani , Garth V. Crosby

The paper explains that post-quantum cryptography is necessary due to the introduction of quantum computing causing certain algorithms to be broken. We analyze the different types of post-quantum cryptography, quantum cryptography and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Marel Alvarado , Luke Gayler , Alex Seals , Tao Wang , Tao Hou

McEliece cryptosystem represents a smart open key system based on the hardness of the decoding of an arbitrary linear code, which is believed to be able to resist the advent of quantum computers. But the original McEliece cryptosystem,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Fedor Ivanov , Eugenii Krouk

We present a lattice-based scheme for homomorphic evaluation of quantum programs and proofs that remains secure against quantum adversaries. Classical homomorphic encryption is lifted to the quantum setting by replacing composite-order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Ben Goertzel

Quantum computers pose a fundamental threat to widely deployed public-key cryptosystems, such as RSA and ECC, by enabling efficient integer factorization using Shor's algorithm. Theoretical resource estimates suggest that 2048-bit RSA keys…

Quantum computing is reshaping the security landscape of modern telecommunications. The cryptographic foundations that secure todays 5G systems, including RSA, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), and Diffie-Hellman (DH), are all susceptible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Vipin Rathi , Lakshya Chopra , Rudraksh Rawal , Nitin Rajput , Shiva Valia , Madhav Aggarwal , Aditya Gairola

The aim of this paper is to elucidate the implications of quantum computing in present cryptography and to introduce the reader to basic post-quantum algorithms. In particular the reader can delve into the following subjects: present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Vasileios Mavroeidis , Kamer Vishi , Mateusz D. Zych , Audun Jøsang

Some of our current public key methods use a trap door to implement digital signature methods. This includes the RSA method, which uses Fermat's little theorem to support the creation and verification of a digital signature. The problem…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 William J Buchanan

Quantum computers impose an immense threat to system security. As a countermeasure, new cryptographic classes have been created to prevent these attacks. Technologies such as post-quantum cryptography and quantum cryptography. Quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Luiz Filipi Anderson de Sousa Moura , Carlos Becker Westphall

Recent advances in quantum computing pose a serious threat on the security of widely used public-key cryptosystems. Thus, new post-quantum cryptographic algorithms have been proposed as part of the associated US NIST process to enable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Maximilian Schöffel , Johannes Feldmann , Norbert Wehn

In this paper, we give quantum algorithms for two fundamental computation problems: solving polynomial systems over finite fields and optimization where the arguments of the objective function and constraints take values from a finite field…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Yu-Ao Chen , Xiao-Shan Gao , Chun-Ming Yuan

Quantum computers could break currently used asymmetric cryptographic schemes in a few years using Shor's algorithm. They are used in numerous protocols and applications to secure authenticity as well as key agreement, and quantum-safe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Johanna Henrich

In this work, we exploit a serious security flaw in a code-based signature scheme from a 2019 work by Liu, Yang, Han and Wang. They adapt the McEliece cryptosystem to obtain a new scheme and, on top of this, they design an efficient digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Giuseppe D'Alconzo

Group ring NTRU (GR-NTRU) provides a general structure to design different variants of NTRU-like schemes by employing different groups. Although, most of the schemes in literature are built over cyclic groups, nonabelian groups can also be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Vikas Kumar , Ali Raya , Sugata Gangopadhyay , Aditi Kar Gangopadhyay

This article addresses code-based cryptography and is designed to depict the complete outline of a code based public key cryptosystem. This report includes basic mathematics and fundamentals of coding theory which are useful for studying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Harshdeep Singh

NTRU is one of the important lattice-based post-quantum cryptography methods, offering resistance against quantum computing attacks. However, a drawback of NTRU lies in its relatively low efficiency in generating key pairs. Therefore, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Abel C. H. Chen

Quantum computer is no longer a hypothetical idea. It is the worlds most important technology and there is a race among countries to get supremacy in quantum technology. Its the technology that will reduce the computing time from years to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Manish Kumar