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The millimeter-wave (mmWave)-based Wi-Fi sensing technology has recently attracted extensive attention since it provides a possibility to realize higher sensing accuracy. However, current works mainly concentrate on sensing scenarios where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Shiwen He , Kangli Cai , Shiyue Huang , Zhenyu Anz , Wei Huang , Ning Gao

Accurate outdoor localization in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments remains a critical challenge for wireless communication and sensing systems. Existing methods, including positioning based on the Global Navigation Satellite System…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Jiajie Xu , Yifan Guo , Xiucheng Wang , Nan Cheng , Tingting Yang

Wireless positioning in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) scenarios presents significant challenges due to multipath effects that lead to biased measurements and reduced positioning accuracy. This paper revisits electromagnetic field theory related…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Gaurav Duggal , R. Michael Buehrer , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Jeffrey H. Reed

The presence of Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) blind spots resulting from roadside parking in urban environments poses a significant challenge to road safety, particularly due to the sudden emergence of pedestrians. mmWave technology leverages…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Hee-Yeun Kim , Byeonggyu Park , Byonghyok Choi , Hansang Cho , Byungkwan Kim , Soomok Lee , Mingu Jeon , Seung-Woo Seo , Seong-Woo Kim

The future 5G networks are expected to use millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands to take advantage of large unused spectrum. However, due to the high path loss at mmWave frequencies, coverage of mmWave signals can get severely reduced,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-14 Wahab Khawaja , Ozgur Ozdemir , Yavuz Yapici , Fatih Erden , Martins Ezuma , Ismail Guvenc

Accurate localization of non-cooperative signal sources in non-line-of-sight (NLoS) environments remains a critical challenge with a wide range of applications, including autonomous navigation, industrial automation, and emergency response.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-05 Xiucheng Wang , Qiming Zhang , Nan Cheng

In this work, we propose a novel approach for high accuracy user localization by merging tools from both millimeter wave (mmWave) imaging and communications. The key idea of the proposed solution is to leverage mmWave imaging to construct a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Mohammed Aladsani , Ahmed Alkhateeb , Georgios C. Trichopoulos

The intrinsic geometric connections between millimeter-wave (mmWave) signals and the propagation environment can be leveraged for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) in 5G and beyond networks. However, estimated channel parameters…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-17 Ossi Kaltiokallio , Elizaveta Rastorgueva-Foi , Jukka Talvitie , Yu Ge , Henk Wymeersch , Mikko Valkama

Pedestrians Localization in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) regions within urban environments poses a significant challenge for autonomous driving systems. While mmWave radar has demonstrated potential for detecting objects in such scenarios, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Byeonggyu Park , Hee-Yeun Kim , Byonghyok Choi , Hansang Cho , Byungkwan Kim , Soomok Lee , Mingu Jeon , Seong-Woo Kim

Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) propagation condition is a crucial factor affecting the precision of the localization in the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Indoor Positioning System (IPS). Numerous supervised Machine Learning (ML) approaches have been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Fuhu Che , Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed , Jaron Fontaine , Ben Van Herbruggen , Adnan Shahid , Eli De Poorter , Pavlos I. Lazaridis

Industry 4.0 is transforming manufacturing and logistics by integrating robots into shared human environments, such as factories, warehouses, and healthcare facilities. However, the risk of human-robot collisions, especially in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yihe Yan , Zhenguo Shi , Yanxiang Wang , Cheng Jiang , Chun Tung Chou , Wen Hu

This study explores the use of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) components in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems for joint localization and environment sensing. The radar cross section (RCS) of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yixuan Huang , Jie Yang , Wankai Tang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shuqiang Xia , Shi Jin

An unknown-position sensor can be localized if there are three or more anchors making time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements of a signal from it. However, the location errors can be very large due to the fact that some of the measurements are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Hongyang Chen , Kenneth W. K. Lui , Zizhuo Wang , H. C. So , H. Vincent Poor

Sensing in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) is one of the major challenges for integrated sensing and communication systems. Existing countermeasures for NLOS either use prior knowledge on the environment to characterize all the multiple bounces or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Davide Tornielli Bellini , Dario Tagliaferri , Pietro Grassi , Davide Scazzoli , Stefano Tebaldini , Umberto Spagnolini

We present a novel sound localization algorithm for a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) sound source in indoor environments. Our approach exploits the diffraction properties of sound waves as they bend around a barrier or an obstacle in the scene.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Inkyu An , Doheon Lee , Jung-woo Choi , Dinesh Manocha , Sung-eui Yoon

This paper reports the findings of an experimental study on the problem of line-of-sight (LOS)/non-line-of-sight (NLOS) classification in an indoor environment. Specifically, we deploy a pair of NI 2901 USRP software-defined radios (SDR) in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-01 Muhammad Asim , Muhammad Ozair Iqbal , Waqas Aman , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Qammer H. Abbasi

This paper tackles the challenge of accurate positioning in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments, with a focus on indoor public safety scenarios where NLoS bias severely impacts localization performance. We explore Diffraction MultiPath…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-05 Gaurav Duggal , Anand M. Kumar , R. Michael Buehrer , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Nishith Tripathi , Jeffrey H. Reed

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radars have found applications in a wide range of domains, including human tracking, health monitoring, and autonomous driving, for their unobtrusive nature and high range accuracy. These capabilities, however, if…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-09 Yanlong Qiu , Jiaxi Zhang , Yanjiao Chen , Jin Zhang , Bo Ji

Localization of robots is vital for navigation and path planning, such as in cases where a map of the environment is needed. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) for indoor location systems has been gaining popularity over the years with the introduction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Muhammad Shalihan , Ran Liu , Chau Yuen

High-rank line-of-sight (LOS) MIMO systems have attracted considerable attention for millimeter wave and THz communications. The small wavelengths in these frequencies enable spatial multiplexing with massive data rates at long distances.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Yaqi Hu , Mingsheng Yin , Sundeep Rangan , Marco Mezzavilla
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