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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in child-facing contexts such as education, companionship, creative tools, but their deployment raises safety, privacy, developmental, and security risks. We conduct a systematic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Junfeng Jiao , Saleh Afroogh , Kevin Chen , Abhejay Murali , David Atkinson , Amit Dhurandhar

The increasing complexity of software systems has driven significant advancements in program analysis, as traditional methods unable to meet the demands of modern software development. To address these limitations, deep learning techniques,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jiayimei Wang , Tao Ni , Wei-Bin Lee , Qingchuan Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs), now a foundation in advancing natural language processing, power applications such as text generation, machine translation, and conversational systems. Despite their transformative potential, these models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kang Chen , Xiuze Zhou , Yuanguo Lin , Jinhe Su , Yuanhui Yu , Li Shen , Fan Lin

Large language models (LLMs) represent significant breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and hold potential for applications within smart grids. However, as demonstrated in previous literature, AI technologies are susceptible to various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jiangnan Li , Yingyuan Yang , Jinyuan Sun

A common security architecture, called the permission-based security model (used e.g. in Android and Blackberry), entails intrinsic risks. For instance, applications can be granted more permissions than they actually need, what we call a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-03-21 Alexandre Bartel , Jacques Klein , Martin Monperrus , Yves Le Traon

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capability in function-level code generation tasks. Unlike isolated functions, real-world applications demand reasoning over the entire software system: developers must orchestrate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Dezhi Ran , Yuan Cao , Mengzhou Wu , Simin Chen , Yuzhe Guo , Jun Ren , Zihe Song , Hao Yu , Jialei Wei , Linyi Li , Wei Yang , Baishakhi Ray , Tao Xie

As large language models (LLMs) permeate more and more applications, an assessment of their associated security risks becomes increasingly necessary. The potential for exploitation by malicious actors, ranging from disinformation to data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Erik Derner , Kristina Batistič , Jan Zahálka , Robert Babuška

Artificial Intelligence (AI) advancements have enabled the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) that can perform a variety of tasks with remarkable semantic understanding and accuracy. ChatGPT is one such LLM that has gained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-02 M. Mehdi Kholoosi , M. Ali Babar , Roland Croft

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become widely adopted recently. Research explores their use both as autonomous agents and as tools for software engineering. LLM-integrated applications, on the other hand, are software systems that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Irene Weber

Large Language Models (LLMs) are acquiring a wider range of capabilities, including understanding and responding in multiple languages. While they undergo safety training to prevent them from answering illegal questions, imbalances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Likai Tang , Niruth Bogahawatta , Yasod Ginige , Jiarui Xu , Shixuan Sun , Surangika Ranathunga , Suranga Seneviratne

As the smartphone market leader, Android has been a prominent target for malware attacks. The number of malicious applications (apps) identified for it has increased continually over the past decade, creating an immense challenge for all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Masoud Mehrabi Koushki , Ibrahim AbuAlhaol , Anandharaju Durai Raju , Yang Zhou , Ronnie Salvador Giagone , Huang Shengqiang

Modern language models (LMs) have been successfully employed in source code generation and understanding, leading to a significant increase in research focused on learning-based code intelligence, such as automated bug repair, and test case…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Xinyu She , Yue Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Yiling He , Li Li , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Zhan Qin , Haoyu Wang

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) show promising potential in assistive tasks across various domains, including mobile device control. As these agents interact directly with personal information and device settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Juyong Lee , Dongyoon Hahm , June Suk Choi , W. Bradley Knox , Kimin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) are swiftly advancing in architecture and capability, and as they integrate more deeply into complex systems, the urgency to scrutinize their security properties grows. This paper surveys research in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Erfan Shayegani , Md Abdullah Al Mamun , Yu Fu , Pedram Zaree , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Deep learning-based approaches, particularly those leveraging pre-trained language models (PLMs), have shown promise in automated software vulnerability detection. However, existing methods are predominantly limited to specific programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Junji Yu , Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Yasutaka Kamei , Junjie Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to recommend mobile applications through natural language prompts, offering a flexible alternative to keyword-based app store search. Yet, the reasoning behind these recommendations remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Quim Motger , Xavier Franch , Vincenzo Gervasi , Jordi Marco

The widespread deployment of large language models (LLMs) has raised growing concerns about their misuse risks and associated safety issues. While prior studies have examined the safety of LLMs in general usage, code generation, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Haoran Gu , Handing Wang , Yi Mei , Mengjie Zhang , Yaochu Jin

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted for code vulnerability detection, their reliability and robustness across diverse vulnerability types have become a pressing concern. In traditional adversarial settings, code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Xiao Li , Yue Li , Hao Wu , Yue Zhang , Yechao Zhang , Fengyuan Xu , Sheng Zhong

Precise access control decisions are crucial for the security of both traditional applications and emerging agent-based systems. Typically, these decisions are made by users during app installation or at runtime. However, due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Friederike Groschupp , Daniele Lain , Aritra Dhar , Lara Magdalena Lazier , Srdjan Čapkun

LLM-powered applications routinely embed secrets in system prompts, yet models can be tricked into revealing them. We built an adaptive attacker that evolves its strategies over hundreds of rounds and tested it against nine defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Priyal Deep , Shane Emmons , Amy Fox , Kyle Bacon , Kelley McAllister , Peter Ortiz , Krisztian Flautner