English
Related papers

Related papers: Spec2Assertion: Automatic Pre-RTL Assertion Genera…

200 papers

High-level synthesis (HLS) transforms an algorithmic description of hardware from a higher abstraction (e.g., C/C++) into a register-transfer level (RTL) design, offering reduced development time and greater flexibility in design space…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xiaofeng Zhou , Linfeng Du , Guangyu Hu , Sharad Sinha , Hongce Zhang , Wei Zhang

The increasing complexity of modern system-on-chip designs amplifies hardware security risks and makes manual security property specification a major bottleneck in formal property verification. This paper presents Assertain, an automated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Shams Tarek , Dipayan Saha , Khan Thamid Hasan , Sujan Kumar Saha , Mark Tehranipoor , Farimah Farahmandi

Formal verification provides a rigorous and systematic approach to ensure the correctness and reliability of software systems. Yet, constructing specifications for the full proof relies on domain expertise and non-trivial manpower. In view…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Cheng Wen , Jialun Cao , Jie Su , Zhiwu Xu , Shengchao Qin , Mengda He , Haokun Li , Shing-Chi Cheung , Cong Tian

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have made substantial progress by leveraging the robust capabilities of Visual Language Models (VLMs). However, VLMs' significant parameter size and autoregressive (AR) decoding nature impose considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Songsheng Wang , Rucheng Yu , Zhihang Yuan , Chao Yu , Feng Gao , Yu Wang , Derek F. Wong

Modern SoC design relies on the ability to separately verify IP blocks relative to their own specifications. Formal verification (FV) using SystemVerilog Assertions (SVA) is an effective method to exhaustively verify blocks at unit-level.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Marcelo Orenes-Vera , Aninda Manocha , David Wentzlaff , Margaret Martonosi

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled workflows that generate SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) from natural-language specifications, with the potential to accelerate Formal Verification (FV). However, high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vaisakh Naduvodi Viswambharan , Keerthan Kopparam Radhakrishna , Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar

As IC design grows more complex, automating comprehension and documentation of RTL code has become increasingly important. Engineers currently should manually interpret existing RTL code and write specifications, a slow and error-prone…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hung-Ming Huang , Yu-Hsin Yang , Fu-Chieh Chang , Yun-Chia Hsu , Yin-Yu Lin , Ming-Fang Tsai , Chun-Chih Yang , Pei-Yuan Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly deployed as part of pipelines that repeatedly process or generate data of some sort. However, a common barrier to deployment are the frequent and often unpredictable errors that plague…

Formal specifications of on-chip communication protocols are crucial for system-on-chip (SoC) design and verification. However, manually constructing these formal specifications from informal documents remains a tedious and error-prone…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yu-An Shih , Annie Lin , Aarti Gupta , Sharad Malik

Hardware design verification (DV) is a process that checks the functional equivalence of a hardware design against its specifications, improving hardware reliability and robustness. A key task in the DV process is the test stimuli…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zixi Zhang , Balint Szekely , Pedro Gimenes , Greg Chadwick , Hugo McNally , Jianyi Cheng , Robert Mullins , Yiren Zhao

In this paper, we focus on automating two of the widely used Verification and Validation (V&V) activities in the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC): Software testing and software inspection (also known as review). Concerning the former,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zoe Fingleton , Nazanin Siavash , Armin Moin

Program verification is a formal technique to rigorously ensure the correctness and fault-freeness of software systems. However, constructing comprehensive interprocedural specifications for full verification obligations is time-consuming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Lezhi Ma , Shangqing Liu , Yi Li , Qiong Wu , Han Wang , Lei Bu

Automating hardware design could obviate a significant amount of human error from the engineering process and lead to fewer errors. Verilog is a popular hardware description language to model and design digital systems, thus generating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Shailja Thakur , Baleegh Ahmad , Zhenxing Fan , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

Functional verification consumes over 50% of the IC development lifecycle, where SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) are indispensable for formal property verification and enhanced simulation-based debugging. However, manual SVA authoring is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Lik Tung Fu , Jie Zhou , Shaokai Ren , Mengli Zhang , Jia Xiong , Hugo Jiang , Nan Guan , Xi Wang , Jun Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are one of the most promising technologies for the next era of speech generation systems, due to their scalability and in-context learning capabilities. Nevertheless, they suffer from multiple stability issues…

Writing good software tests can be challenging, therefore approaches that support developers are desirable. While generating complete tests automatically is such an approach commonly proposed in research, developers may already have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Severin Primbs , Benedikt Fein , Gordon Fraser

The increasing use of Advanced Language Models (ALMs) in diverse sectors, particularly due to their impressive capability to generate top-tier content following linguistic instructions, forms the core of this investigation. This study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Kiran Thorat , Jiahui Zhao , Yaotian Liu , Hongwu Peng , Xi Xie , Bin Lei , Jeff Zhang , Caiwen Ding

Ensuring that API implementations and usage comply with natural language programming rules is critical for software correctness, security, and reliability. Formal verification can provide strong guarantees but requires precise…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Shihao Xia , Mengting He , Haomin Jia , Linhai Song

Hardware verification is one of the most challenging stages of the hardware design process, requiring significant time and resources to ensure a design is fully validated and production-ready. Verification teams aim to maximize design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sean Lowe , Elias Hilaneh , Alma Babbit , Nakul Gopalan , Vidya Chhabria , Aman Arora

Safety- and security-critical systems have to be thoroughly tested against their specifications. The state of practice is to have _natural language_ specifications, from which test cases are derived manually - a process that is slow,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Kuangxiangzi Liu , Dhiman Chakraborty , Alexander Liggesmeyer , Andreas Zeller