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Related papers: PLHF: Prompt Optimization with Few-Shot Human Feed…

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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has shown remarkable success in aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. Traditional RLHF methods rely on a fixed dataset, which often suffers from limited coverage. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Long-Fei Li , Yu-Yang Qian , Peng Zhao , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable proficiency in addressing a diverse array of tasks within the Natural Language Processing (NLP) domain, with various prompt design strategies significantly augmenting their capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Xiangyu Zhao , Chengqian Ma

Large language models (LLMs) often contain misleading content, emphasizing the need to align them with human values to ensure secure AI systems. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been employed to achieve this alignment.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Feifan Song , Bowen Yu , Minghao Li , Haiyang Yu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Houfeng Wang

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for enhancing their utility in terms of helpfulness, truthfulness, safety, harmlessness, and interestingness. Existing methods for achieving this alignment often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Wenhao Liu , Xiaohua Wang , Muling Wu , Tianlong Li , Changze Lv , Zixuan Ling , Jianhao Zhu , Cenyuan Zhang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Prompt engineering has made significant contributions to the era of large language models, yet its effectiveness depends on the skills of a prompt author. This paper introduces $\textit{iPrOp}$, a novel interactive prompt optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Jiahui Li , Roman Klinger

Due to the textual and repetitive nature of many Requirements Engineering (RE) artefacts, Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven useful to automate their generation and processing. In this paper, we discuss a possible approach for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Anna Arnaudo , Riccardo Coppola , Maurizio Morisio , Flavio Giobergia , Andrea Bioddo , Angelo Bongiorno , Luca Dadone

The cold-start user issue further compromises the effectiveness of recommender systems in limiting access to the historical behavioral information. It is an effective pipeline to optimize instructional prompts on a few-shot large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Haowei Yang , Yushang Zhao , Sitao Min , Bo Su , Chao Yao , Wei Xu

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a variant of reinforcement learning (RL) that learns from human feedback instead of relying on an engineered reward function. Building on prior work on the related setting of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Timo Kaufmann , Paul Weng , Viktor Bengs , Eyke Hüllermeier

Well-designed prompts are crucial for enhancing Large language models' (LLMs) reasoning capabilities while aligning their outputs with task requirements across diverse domains. However, manually designed prompts require expertise and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Jinyu Xiang , Jiayi Zhang , Zhaoyang Yu , Xinbing Liang , Fengwei Teng , Jinhao Tu , Fashen Ren , Xiangru Tang , Sirui Hong , Chenglin Wu , Yuyu Luo

Batch prompting is a common technique in large language models (LLMs) used to process multiple inputs simultaneously, aiming to improve computational efficiency. However, as batch sizes increase, performance degradation often occurs due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Longyu Feng , Mengze Hong , Chen Jason Zhang

The performance of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) is often sensitive to nuances in prompt templates, requiring careful prompt engineering, adding costs in terms of computing and human effort. In this study, we present experiments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Liang Cheng , Tianyi LI , Zhaowei Wang , Mark Steedman

Large Language Model (LLM) has demonstrated significant ability in various Natural Language Processing tasks. However, their effectiveness is highly dependent on the phrasing of the task prompt, leading to research on automatic prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Moxin Li , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Yixin Cao , Jizhi Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large language models (LLMs) have gained popularity in recent years for their utility in various applications. However, they are sensitive to non-semantic changes in prompt formats, where small changes in the prompt format can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Lilian Ngweta , Kiran Kate , Jason Tsay , Yara Rizk

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is essential for safe and useful LLMs. Previous works mainly adopt reinforcement learning (RLHF) and direct preference optimization (DPO) with human feedback for alignment.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Tianci Xue , Ziqi Wang , Heng Ji

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a technique for training AI systems to align with human goals. RLHF has emerged as the central method used to finetune state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs). Despite this…

Test cases are essential for validating the reliability and quality of software applications. Recent studies have demonstrated the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate useful test cases for given source code. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Shuzheng Gao , Chaozheng Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Xiaoqian Jiao , Chun Yong Chong , Shan Gao , Michael Lyu

The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) highly relies on crafted prompts. However, manual prompt engineering is a laborious process, creating a core bottleneck for practical application of LLMs. This phenomenon has led to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Qing Zhang , Bing Xu , Xudong Zhang , Yifan Shi , Yang Li , Chen Zhang , Yik Chung Wu , Ngai Wong , Yijie Chen , Hong Dai , Xiansen Chen , Mian Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in various complex reasoning tasks due to their excellent instruction following capability. However, the model's performance is highly dependent on the open-ended characteristics of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhenzhen Huang , Chaoning Zhang , Fachrina Dewi Puspitasari , Jiaquan Zhang , Yitian Zhou , Shuxu Chen , Yang Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in manipulating natural language across multiple applications, but their ability to handle simple reasoning tasks is often questioned. In this work, we aim to provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Alessandro Raganato , Rafael Peñaloza , Marco Viviani , Gabriella Pasi

Prompt-based fine-tuning has boosted the performance of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) on few-shot text classification by employing task-specific prompts. Yet, PLMs are unfamiliar with prompt-style expressions during pre-training, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Jianing Wang , Chengyu Wang , Fuli Luo , Chuanqi Tan , Minghui Qiu , Fei Yang , Qiuhui Shi , Songfang Huang , Ming Gao