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In web data, advertising images are crucial for capturing user attention and improving advertising effectiveness. Most existing methods generate background for products primarily focus on the aesthetic quality, which may fail to achieve…

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed in various downstream tasks, e.g., auto-completion, aided writing, or chat-based text generation. However, the considered output candidates of the underlying search algorithm are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Thilo Spinner , Rebecca Kehlbeck , Rita Sevastjanova , Tobias Stähle , Daniel A. Keim , Oliver Deussen , Mennatallah El-Assady

Efficient authoring of vast virtual environments hinges on algorithms that are able to automatically generate content while also being controllable. We propose a method to automatically generate furniture layouts for indoor environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Paul Henderson , Kartic Subr , Vittorio Ferrari

Image compositing is one of the most fundamental steps in creative workflows. It involves taking objects/parts of several images to create a new image, called a composite. Currently, this process is done manually by creating accurate masks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Kerem Turgutlu , Sanat Sharma , Jayant Kumar

Product posters, which integrate subject, scene, and text, are crucial promotional tools for attracting customers. Creating such posters using modern image generation methods is valuable, while the main challenge lies in accurately…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Yifan Gao , Zihang Lin , Chuanbin Liu , Min Zhou , Tiezheng Ge , Bo Zheng , Hongtao Xie

Architects adopt visual scripting and parametric design tools to explore more expansive design spaces (Coates, 2010), refine their thinking about the geometric logic of their design (Woodbury, 2010), and overcome conventional software…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Moritz Rietschel , Fang Guo , Kyle Steinfeld

By employing large language models (LLMs) to retrieve documents and generate natural language responses, Generative Engines, such as Google AI overview and ChatGPT, provide significantly enhanced user experiences and have rapidly become the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yujiang Wu , Shanshan Zhong , Yubin Kim , Chenyan Xiong

Structured document understanding has attracted considerable attention and made significant progress recently, owing to its crucial role in intelligent document processing. However, most existing related models can only deal with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Jiapeng Wang , Lianwen Jin , Kai Ding

Designing visually appealing layouts for multimedia documents containing text, graphs and images requires a form of creative intelligence. Modelling the generation of layouts has recently gained attention due to its importance in aesthetics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 David D. Nguyen , Surya Nepal , Salil S. Kanhere

Pre-trained Language Model (PLM) has become a representative foundation model in the natural language processing field. Most PLMs are trained with linguistic-agnostic pre-training tasks on the surface form of the text, such as the masked…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Yiming Cui , Wanxiang Che , Shijin Wang , Ting Liu

Graphic design images consist of multiple editable layers, such as text, background, and decorative elements, while most generative models produce rasterized outputs without explicit layer structures, limiting downstream editing. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Weidong Chen , Dexiang Hong , Zhendong Mao , Yutao Cheng , Xinyan Liu , Lei Zhang , Yongdong Zhang

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) can work as high-level robotic planners by reasoning over abstract task descriptions and natural language instructions, etc. However, they have shown a lack of knowledge and effectiveness in planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wanming Yu , Adrian Röfer , Abhinav Valada , Sethu Vijayakumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Multi-modality Models (LMMs) have demonstrated remarkable decision masking capabilities on a variety of tasks. However, they inherently operate planning within the language space, lacking the vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Jun Cen , Chenfei Wu , Xiao Liu , Shengming Yin , Yixuan Pei , Jinglong Yang , Qifeng Chen , Nan Duan , Jianguo Zhang

Graphic design is essential for visual communication with layouts being fundamental to composing attractive designs. Layout generation differs from pixel-level image synthesis and is unique in terms of the requirement of mutual relations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Hsin-Ying Lee , Lu Jiang , Irfan Essa , Phuong B Le , Haifeng Gong , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Weilong Yang

Text is ubiquitous in our visual world, conveying crucial information, such as in documents, websites, and everyday photographs. In this work, we propose UReader, a first exploration of universal OCR-free visually-situated language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jiabo Ye , Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Guohai Xu , Chenliang Li , Junfeng Tian , Qi Qian , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Liang He , Xin Alex Lin , Fei Huang

Prior study shows that pre-training techniques can boost the performance of visual document understanding (VDU), which typically requires models to gain abilities to perceive and reason both document texts and layouts (e.g., locations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Zhiming Mao , Haoli Bai , Lu Hou , Jiansheng Wei , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Kam-Fai Wong

Efficiently managing compute resources for Large Language Model (LLM) inference remains challenging due to the inherently stochastic and variable lengths of autoregressive text generation. Accurately estimating response lengths in advance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Daniel F. Perez-Ramirez , Dejan Kostic , Magnus Boman

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong implicit personalization ability, yet most existing approaches treat this behavior as a black box, relying on prompt engineering or fine tuning on user data. In this work, we adopt a mechanistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Weixu Zhang , Ye Yuan , Changjiang Han , Yuxing Tian , Zipeng Sun , Linfeng Du , Jikun Kang , Hong Kang , Xue Liu , Haolun Wu

Interior design is a requirements-to-visual-plan generation process that must simultaneously satisfy verifiable spatial feasibility and comparative aesthetic preferences. While recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offer a unified…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yuxuan Yang , Xiaotong Mao , Jingyao Wang , Fuchun Sun

Text-rich visual understanding-the ability to process environments where dense textual content is integrated with visuals-is crucial for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to interact effectively with structured environments. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Junpeng Liu , Tianyue Ou , Yifan Song , Yuxiao Qu , Wai Lam , Chenyan Xiong , Wenhu Chen , Graham Neubig , Xiang Yue