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A gate sequence of single-qubit transformations may be condensed into a single microwave pulse that maps a qubit from an initialized state directly into the desired state of the composite transformation. Here, machine learning is used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Jaden Nola , Uriah Sanchez , Anusha Krishna Murthy , Elizabeth Behrman , James Steck

We present a detailed analysis of the numerical modelling and evaluation of sub-systems in a Gaussian modulated CV-QKD system, incorporating non-ideal operations, and along with associated results.

Distributing cryptographic keys over public channels in a way that can provide information-theoretic security is the holy grail for secure communication. This can be achieved by exploiting quantum mechanical principles in so-called quantum…

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) offers an approach to achieve a potential high secret key rate (SKR) in metropolitan areas. There are several challenges in developing a practical CV-QKD system from the laboratory to…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables information-theoretically secure communication against eavesdropping. However, phase instability remains a challenge across many QKD applications, particularly in schemes such as twin-field QKD and…

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Due to their compatibility to existing telecom technology, continuous variable (CV) weak coherent state protocols are promising candidates for a broad deployment of quantum key distribution (QKD) technology. We demonstrate how an existing…

Phase reference calibration is a necessary procedure in practical continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) for the need of Bell-State Measurement (BSM). However, the phase reference…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-27 Hong-Xin Ma , Peng Huang , Tao Wang , Dong-Yun Bai , Shi-Yu Wang , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Hua Zeng

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for quantum secure communication with the benefit of being close to existing classical coherent communication. In recent years, CV QKD protocols using a discrete number of…

The Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution (GM-CVQKD) protocol is known to maximise the mutual information between two parties during quantum key distribution (QKD). An alternative modulation scheme is the discrete…

Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) is an easy-to-implement scheme that transcends the Pirandola--Laurenza--Ottaviani--Banchi bound without using quantum repeaters. In this paper, we present an improvement of the performance of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-01 Xin Liu , Di Luo , Zhenrong Zhang , Kejin Wei

Practical QKD modulators introduce correlations between consecutively emitted pulses due to bandwidth limitations, violating key assumptions underlying many security proof techniques. Here, we address this problem by introducing a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Marcos Curty

Imperfect bit-and-basis encoders compromise the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems via modulation flaws, side channels and inter-pulse correlations, which invalidate standard security proofs. Existing results addressing such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Go Kato , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a promising approach to secure communications, with continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offering compatibility with existing telecommunication infrastructure. Despite this advantage, CV-QKD is limited by…

In a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system, the information is conveyed by coherent state carriers. The quantum continuous variables are sent through a quantum channel, where the presence of the eavesdropper adds a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Laszlo Gyongyosi

To achieve the maximum information transfer and face a possible eavesdropper, the samples transmitted in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocols are to be drawn from a continuous Gaussian distribution. As a matter of…

Mode shape information play the essential role in deciding the spatial pattern of vibratory response of a structure. The uncertainty quantification of mode shape, i.e., predicting mode shape variation when the structure is subjected to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-02-24 Kai Zhou , Jiong Tang

Advances in quantum physics and computational complexity threaten the security of present day cryptographic systems and have driven the development of quantum key distribution (QKD). Entangled quantum key distribution (EQKD) is a secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-08 Patrick Rice , Israel J. Owens

Current quantum programs are mostly synthesized and compiled on the gate-level, where quantum circuits are composed of quantum gates. The gate-level workflow, however, introduces significant redundancy when quantum gates are eventually…

In practical implementation of quantum key distributions (QKD), it requires efficient, real-time feedback control to maintain system stability when facing disturbance from either external environment or imperfect internal components.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-07 Jing-Yang Liu , Hua-Jian Ding , Chun-Mei Zhang , Shi-Peng Xie , Qin Wang