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In the present work, we propose a generalization of the confidence polytopes approach for quantum state tomography (QST) to the case of quantum process tomography (QPT). Our approach allows obtaining a confidence region in the polytope form…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 E. O. Kiktenko , D. O. Norkin , A. K. Fedorov

Quantum computing is an emerging technology that has the potential to revolutionize fields such as cryptography, machine learning, optimization, and quantum simulation. However, a major challenge in the realization of quantum algorithms on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-31 Robert Wille , Lukas Burgholzer

Crosstalk is a leading source of failure in multiqubit quantum information processors. It can arise from a wide range of disparate physical phenomena, and can introduce subtle correlations in the errors experienced by a device. Several…

We present an example of quantum process tomography performed on a single solid state qubit. The qubit used is two energy levels of the triplet state in the Nitrogen-Vacancy defect in Diamond. Quantum process tomography is applied to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Howard , J. Twamley , C. Wittmann , T. Gaebel , F. Jelezko , J. Wrachtrup

Quantum tomography is the main method used to assess the quality of quantum information processing devices, but its complexity presents a major obstacle for the characterization of even moderately large systems. The number of experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Marcus P. da Silva , Olivier Landon-Cardinal , David Poulin

Characterizing quantum processes is essential for unlocking the potential of quantum devices. However, standard quantum process tomography is resource-intensive and becomes infeasible on large-scale systems. Despite alternative approaches…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Hao Zhan , Zongbo Bao , Zekun Ye , Qianyi Wang , Minghao Mi , Penghui Yao , Lijian Zhang

Characterization of quantum dynamics is a fundamental problem in quantum physics and quantum information science. Several methods are known which achieve this goal, namely Standard Quantum Process Tomography (SQPT), Ancilla-Assisted Process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-03-19 M. Mohseni , A. T. Rezakhani , D. A. Lidar

The deployment of intermediate- and large-scale quantum devices necessitates the development of efficient full state tomographical techniques for quantum benchmarks. Here, we introduce a matrix filling-based method for tomography of pure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Ahmad Farooq , Junaid ur Rehman , Hyundong Shin

The growing complexity of healthcare systems requires advanced computational models for real-time monitoring, secure data exchange, and intelligent decision-making. Digital Twins (DTs) provide virtual representations of physical healthcare…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Asma Taheri Monfared , Andrea Bombarda , Angelo Gargantini , Majid Haghparast

Analog quantum simulators can directly emulate time-dependent Hamiltonian dynamics, enabling the exploration of diverse physical phenomena such as phase transitions, quench dynamics, and non-equilibrium processes. Realizing accurate analog…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Yulong Dong , Christopher Kang , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

High-quality two-qubit gate operations are crucial for scalable quantum information processing. Often, the gate fidelity is compromised when the system becomes more integrated. Therefore, a low-error-rate, easy-to-scale two-qubit gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-24 Yuan Xu , Ji Chu , Jiahao Yuan , Jiawei Qiu , Yuxuan Zhou , Libo Zhang , Xinsheng Tan , Yang Yu , Song Liu , Jian Li , Fei Yan , Dapeng Yu

We introduce spectral quantum tomography, a simple method to extract the eigenvalues of a noisy few-qubit gate, represented by a trace-preserving superoperator, in a SPAM-resistant fashion, using low resources in terms of gate sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Jonas Helsen , Francesco Battistel , Barbara M. Terhal

Quantum state transfer protocols are a major toolkit in many quantum information processing tasks, from quantum key distribution to quantum computation. To assess performance of a such a protocol, one often relies on the average fidelity…

Quantum state tomography is a technique in quantum information science used to reconstruct the density matrix of an unknown quantum state, providing complete information about the quantum state. It is of significant importance in fields…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Wenlong Zhao , Da Zhang , Huili Zhang , Haifeng Yu , Zhang-qi Yin

We report the quantum process tomography of a M$\o$lmer-S$\o$rensen entangling gate. The tomographic protocol relies on a single discriminatory transition, exploiting excess micromotion in the trap to realize all operations required to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Nir Navon , Nitzan Akerman , Shlomi Kotler , Yinnon Glickman , Roee Ozeri

With the race to build large-scale quantum computers and efforts to exploit quantum algorithms for efficient problem solving in science and engineering disciplines, the requirement to have efficient and scalable verification methods are of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-14 Arun Govindankutty , Sudarshan K. Srinivasan , Nimish Mathure

Quantum state tomography (QST), the process of reconstructing some unknown quantum state $\hat\rho$ from repeated measurements on copies of said state, is a foundationally important task in the context of quantum computation and simulation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Nathan Keenan , John Goold , Alex Nico-Katz

We implement a complete randomized benchmarking protocol on a system of two superconducting qubits. The protocol consists of randomizing over gates in the Clifford group, which experimentally are generated via an improved two-qubit…

Quantum process tomography (QPT) is crucial for advancing quantum technologies, including quantum computers, quantum networks and quantum sensors. Shadow process tomography (SPT) utilizes the Choi isomorphism to map QPT to shadow state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Haigang Wang , Kan He

As quantum devices make steady progress towards intermediate scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is essential to develop rigorous and efficient measurement protocols that account for known sources of noise. Most existing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 M. J. Gullans , M. Caranti , A. R. Mills , J. R. Petta
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