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Traditional social science research often requires designing complex experiments across vast methodological spaces and depends on real human participants, making it labor-intensive, costly, and difficult to scale. Here we present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Lei Wang , Yuanzi Li , Jinchao Wu , Heyang Gao , Xiaohe Bo , Xu Chen , Ji-Rong Wen

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), recent years have witnessed many promising studies on leveraging LLM-based agents to simulate human social behavior. While prior work has demonstrated significant potential across…

Traditional sociological research often relies on human participation, which, though effective, is expensive, challenging to scale, and with ethical concerns. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) highlight their potential to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Xinyi Mou , Xuanwen Ding , Qi He , Liang Wang , Jingcong Liang , Xinnong Zhang , Libo Sun , Jiayu Lin , Jie Zhou , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Reliable simulation of human behavior is essential for explaining, predicting, and intervening in our society. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in emulating human behaviors, interactions, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Ning Bian , Xianpei Han , Hongyu Lin , Baolei Wu , Jun Wang

Understanding human behavior and society is a central focus in social sciences, with the rise of generative social science marking a significant paradigmatic shift. By leveraging bottom-up simulations, it replaces costly and logistically…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jinghua Piao , Yuwei Yan , Jun Zhang , Nian Li , Junbo Yan , Xiaochong Lan , Zhihong Lu , Zhiheng Zheng , Jing Yi Wang , Di Zhou , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Fang Zhang , Ke Rong , Jun Su , Yong Li

Accurate and verifiable large language model (LLM) simulations of human research subjects promise an accessible data source for understanding human behavior and training new AI systems. However, results to date have been limited, and few…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jacy Reese Anthis , Ryan Liu , Sean M. Richardson , Austin C. Kozlowski , Bernard Koch , James Evans , Erik Brynjolfsson , Michael Bernstein

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to role-play humans and replicate complex social dynamics. While large-scale social simulations are gaining increasing attention, they still face significant challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Xinyi Mou , Chen Qian , Wei Liu , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have become the foundation of many applications, leveraging their extensive capabilities in processing and understanding natural language. While many open-source LLMs have been released with technical reports,…

User simulators serve as the critical interactive environment for agent post-training, and an ideal user simulator generalizes across domains and proactively engages in negotiation by challenging or bargaining. However, current methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Feng Zhang , Shijia Li , Chunmao Zhang , Zhanyu Ma , Jun Xu , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Jingwen Xu , Han Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly employed for simulations, enabling applications in role-playing agents and Computational Social Science (CSS). However, the reliability of these simulations is under-explored, which raises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yue Huang , Zhengqing Yuan , Yujun Zhou , Kehan Guo , Xiangqi Wang , Haomin Zhuang , Weixiang Sun , Lichao Sun , Jindong Wang , Yanfang Ye , Xiangliang Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced conversational agents, making them applicable to various fields (e.g., education, entertainment). Despite their progress, the evaluation of the agents often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jiho Kim , Woosog Chay , Hyeonji Hwang , Daeun Kyung , Hyunseung Chung , Eunbyeol Cho , Yeonsu Kwon , Yohan Jo , Edward Choi

Social simulation is essential for understanding collective human behavior by modeling how individual interactions give rise to large-scale social dynamics. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled multi-agent frameworks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuwei Xu , Shulun Zhang , Yingli Zhou , Shipei Zeng , Laks V. S. Lakshmanan , Chenhao Ma

Computational social experiments, which typically employ agent-based modeling to create testbeds for piloting social experiments, not only provide a computational solution to the major challenges faced by traditional experimental methods,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Jinghua Piao , Yuwei Yan , Nian Li , Jun Zhang , Yong Li

User simulators are crucial for replicating human interactions with dialogue systems, supporting both collaborative training and automatic evaluation, especially for large language models (LLMs). However, current role-playing methods face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Kuang Wang , Xianfei Li , Shenghao Yang , Li Zhou , Feng Jiang , Haizhou Li

Motivated by the remarkable progress of large language models (LLMs) in objective tasks like mathematics and coding, there is growing interest in their potential to simulate human behavior--a capability with profound implications for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yuxuan Lei , Tianfu Wang , Jianxun Lian , Zhengyu Hu , Defu Lian , Xing Xie

Contemporary approaches to agent-based modeling (ABM) of social systems have traditionally emphasized rule-based behaviors, limiting their ability to capture nuanced dynamics by moving beyond predefined rules and leveraging contextual…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Gaurav Koley

Social simulation is transforming traditional social science research by modeling human behavior through interactions between virtual individuals and their environments. With recent advances in large language models (LLMs), this approach…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have spurred growing interest in using LLM-integrated agents for social simulation, often under the implicit assumption that realistic population dynamics will emerge once role-specified…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yiming Li , Dacheng Tao

Modeling human behavior in urban environments is fundamental for social science, behavioral studies, and urban planning. Prior work often rely on rigid, hand-crafted rules, limiting their ability to simulate nuanced intentions, plans, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nicolas Bougie , Narimasa Watanabe
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