Related papers: Metrics for quandles
Lower bounds of betti numbers for homology groups of racks and quandles will be given using the quotient homomorphism to the orbit quandles. Exact sequences relating various types of homology groups are analyzed. Geometric methods of…
For a group $G$ and a subset $X$ of $G$, the commuting graph of $X$, denoted by $\Gamma(G,X)$ is the graph whose vertex set is $X$ and any two vertices $u$ and $v$ in $X$ are adjacent if and only if they commute in $G$. In this article,…
In this paper, a theory of quandle rings is proposed for quandles analogous to the classical theory of group rings for groups, and interconnections between quandles and associated quandle rings are explored.
We show that the embeddability relations for countable quandles and for countable fields of any given characteristic other than 2 are maximally complex in a strong sense: they are invariantly universal. This notion from the theory of Borel…
Magnitude is a numerical invariant of metric spaces and graphs, analogous, in a precise sense, to Euler characteristic. Magnitude homology is an algebraic invariant constructed to categorify magnitude. Among the important features of the…
A group, defined as set with associative multiplication and inverse, is a natural structure describing the symmetry of a space. The concept of group generalizes to group objects internal to other categories than sets. But there are yet more…
This paper develops an approach for describing centrally extended groups, as determining the adjoint groups associated with quandles. Furthermore, we explicitly describe such groups of some quandles. As a corollary, we determine some second…
We work with a generalization of knot theory, in which one diagram is reachable from another via a finite sequence of moves if a fixed condition, regarding the existence of certain morphisms in an associated category, is satisfied for every…
In a series of papers in the 1960's, S. G\"ahler defined and investigated so-called m-metric spaces and their topological properties. An m-metric assigns to any tuple of m+1 elements a real value (more generally an element in a partially…
We introduce a class of algebras over a field $\mathbb{F}$ related to directed graphs in which all edges are labeled by nonzero elements of the field $\mathbb{F}$. If all labels are different from $1$, these algebras are axial algebras. We…
We review the definition of a quandle, and in particular of the core quandle $\mathrm{Core}(G)$ of a group $G$, which consists of the underlying set of $G$, with the binary operation $x\lhd y = x y^{-1} x$. This is an involutory quandle,…
Binomial Cayley graphs are obtained by considering the binomial coefficient of the weight function of a given Cayley graph and a natural number. We introduce these objects and study two families: one associated with symmetric groups and the…
A quandle equipped with a good involution is referred to as symmetric. It is known that the cohomology of symmetric quandles gives rise to strong cocycle invariants for classical and surface links, even when they are not necessarily…
In this survey we present a generalization of the notion of metric space and some applications to discrete structures as graphs, ordered sets and transition systems. Results in that direction started in the middle eighties based on the…
The 2-twist spun trefoil is an example of a sphere that is knotted in 4-dimensional space. Here this example is shown to be distinct from the same sphere with the reversed orientation. To demonstrate this fact a state-sum invariant for…
We extend the well-known formula for the Euler class of a real oriented even-dimensional vector bundle in terms of the curvature of a metric connection to the case of a general linear connection provided a metric is present. We rewrite the…
We formalize the ``metric bundle'' viewpoint by defining, for any smooth $n$--manifold $M$, the open fiberwise cones $\mathcal{G}^{p,q}\subset S^2\Tstar M$ of nondegenerate symmetric bilinear forms with fixed signature $(p,q)$, and we…
We restructure and advance the classification theory of finite racks and quandles by employing powerful methods from transformation groups and representation theory, especially Burnside rings. These rings serve as universal receptacles for…
On the bundles of WZW chiral blocks over the moduli space of a punctured rational curve we construct isomorphisms that implement the action of outer automorphisms of the underlying affine Lie algebra. These bundle-isomorphisms respect the…
We propose a family of near-metrics based on local graph diffusion to capture similarity for a wide class of data sets. These quasi-metametrics, as their names suggest, dispense with one or two standard axioms of metric spaces, specifically…