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Recently, medical image synthesis gains more and more popularity, along with the rapid development of generative models. Medical image synthesis aims to generate an unacquired image modality, often from other observed data modalities.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Zhe Xiong , Qiaoqiao Ding , Xiaoqun Zhang

Flow matching in the continuous simplex has emerged as a promising strategy for DNA sequence design, but struggles to scale to higher simplex dimensions required for peptide and protein generation. We introduce Gumbel-Softmax Flow and Score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Sophia Tang , Yinuo Zhang , Alexander Tong , Pranam Chatterjee

Deep learning models have emerged as a powerful tool for various medical applications. However, their success depends on large, high-quality datasets that are challenging to obtain due to privacy concerns and costly annotation. Generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Milad Yazdani , Yasamin Medghalchi , Pooria Ashrafian , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dena Shahriari

The generation of 3D molecules requires simultaneously deciding the categorical features~(atom types) and continuous features~(atom coordinates). Deep generative models, especially Diffusion Models (DMs), have demonstrated effectiveness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Yuxuan Song , Jingjing Gong , Minkai Xu , Ziyao Cao , Yanyan Lan , Stefano Ermon , Hao Zhou , Wei-Ying Ma

Mass spectrometry (MS) stands as a cornerstone analytical technique for molecular identification, yet de novo structure elucidation from spectra remains challenging due to the combinatorial complexity of chemical space and the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jianan Nie , Peng Gao

Multi-Robot Motion Planning (MRMP) involves generating collision-free trajectories for multiple robots operating in a shared continuous workspace. While discrete multi-agent path finding (MAPF) methods are broadly adopted due to their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Jinhao Liang , Sven Koenig , Ferdinando Fioretto

The design of protein sequences with desired functionalities is a fundamental task in protein engineering. Deep generative methods, such as autoregressive models and diffusion models, have greatly accelerated the discovery of novel protein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Zitai Kong , Yiheng Zhu , Yinlong Xu , Hanjing Zhou , Mingzhe Yin , Jialu Wu , Hongxia Xu , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Tingjun Hou , Jian Wu

Graph generative models are essential across diverse scientific domains by capturing complex distributions over relational data. Among them, graph diffusion models achieve superior performance but face inefficient sampling and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yiming Qin , Manuel Madeira , Dorina Thanou , Pascal Frossard

Elucidating reaction mechanisms hinges on efficiently generating transition states (TSs), products, and complete reaction networks. Recent generative models, such as diffusion models for TS sampling and sequence-based architectures for…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Ping Tuo , Jiale Chen , Ju Li

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) can model data distributions with expressive infinite-length architectures. But this modeling involves computationally expensive process of solving an ordinary differential equation (ODE) during maximum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Denis Gudovskiy , Tomoyuki Okuno , Yohei Nakata

Autoregressive language models (ARMs) deliver strong likelihoods, but are inherently serial: they generate one token per forward pass, which limits throughput and inflates latency for long sequences. Diffusion Language Models (DLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Amin Karimi Monsefi , Nikhil Bhendawade , Manuel Rafael Ciosici , Dominic Culver , Yizhe Zhang , Irina Belousova

Given an unconditional generative model and a predictor for a target property (e.g., a classifier), the goal of training-free guidance is to generate samples with desirable target properties without additional training. As a highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Haowei Lin , Shanda Li , Haotian Ye , Yiming Yang , Stefano Ermon , Yitao Liang , Jianzhu Ma

Recent progress in large-scale flow and diffusion models raised two fundamental algorithmic challenges: (i) control-based reward adaptation of pre-trained flows, and (ii) integration of multiple models, i.e., flow merging. While current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Riccardo De Santi , Malte Franke , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Andreas Krause

Structure-based drug design (SBDD), aiming to generate 3D molecules with high binding affinity toward target proteins, is a vital approach in novel drug discovery. Although recent generative models have shown great potential, they suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jingyuan Zhou , Hao Qian , Shikui Tu , Lei Xu

The generation of accurate 3D molecular conformations is a pivotal challenge in computational chemistry and drug discovery. Recently, diffusion and flow matching models have achieved remarkable success. However, there is a critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yunqing Liu , Yi Zhou , Wenqi Fan

Motivation: Structure-based drug design (SBDD) has advanced with deep generative models, but bridging the gap between continuous atomic coordinates and discrete atom types remains a challenge. Current approaches, such as diffusion and flow…

Generative models for sequential data often struggle with sparsely sampled and high-dimensional trajectories, typically reducing the learning of dynamics to pairwise transitions. We propose Interpolative Multi-Marginal Flow Matching…

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful generative framework, with recent few-step methods achieving remarkable inference acceleration. However, we identify a critical yet overlooked limitation: these models suffer from severe diversity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yexiong Lin , Jia Shi , Shanshan Ye , Wanyu Wang , Yu Yao , Tongliang Liu

Accurate computational identification of DNA methylation is essential for understanding epigenetic regulation. Although deep learning excels in this binary classification task, its "black-box" nature impedes biological insight. We address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Yi He , Yina Cao , Jixiu Zhai , Di Wang , Junxiao Kong , Tianchi Lu

Robot manipulation has increasingly adopted data-driven generative policy frameworks, yet the field faces a persistent trade-off: diffusion models suffer from high inference latency, while flow-based methods often require complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Han Fang , Yize Huang , Yuheng Zhao , Paul Weng , Xiao Li , Yutong Ban