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The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey

We present a supervised learning framework of training generative models for density estimation. Generative models, including generative adversarial networks, normalizing flows, variational auto-encoders, are usually considered as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yanfang Liu , Minglei Yang , Zezhong Zhang , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Guannan Zhang

Score-based diffusion models learn to reverse a stochastic differential equation that maps data to noise. However, for complex tasks, numerical error can compound and result in highly unnatural samples. Previous work mitigates this drift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-12 Aaron Lou , Stefano Ermon

Diffusion models have proven effective for various applications such as images, audio and graph generation. Other important applications are image super-resolution and the solution of inverse problems. More recently, some works have used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Marcelo dos Santos , Rayson Laroca , Rafael O. Ribeiro , João Neves , Hugo Proença , David Menotti

In this work, we study the numerical approximation of a class of singular fully coupled forward backward stochastic differential equations. These equations have a degenerate forward component and non-smooth terminal condition. They are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-17 Jean-François Chassagneux , Mohan Yang

In applications of diffusion models, controllable generation is of practical significance, but is also challenging. Current methods for controllable generation primarily focus on modifying the score function of diffusion models, while Mean…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ao Li , Wei Fang , Hongbo Zhao , Le Lu , Ge Yang , Minfeng Xu

Generative diffusions are a powerful class of Monte Carlo samplers that leverage bridging Markov processes to approximate complex, high-dimensional distributions, such as those found in image processing and language models. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-20 Zheng Zhao , Ziwei Luo , Jens Sjölund , Thomas B. Schön

To sample from a general target distribution $p_*\propto e^{-f_*}$ beyond the isoperimetric condition, Huang et al. (2023) proposed to perform sampling through reverse diffusion, giving rise to Diffusion-based Monte Carlo (DMC).…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-15 Xunpeng Huang , Difan Zou , Hanze Dong , Yian Ma , Tong Zhang

Backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) appear in numeruous applications. Classical approximation methods suffer from the curse of dimensionality and deep learning-based approximation methods are not known to converge to the BSDE…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-20 Martin Hutzenthaler , Tuan Anh Nguyen

It is well-known that decision-making problems from stochastic control can be formulated by means of a forward-backward stochastic differential equation (FBSDE). Recently, the authors of Ji et al. 2022 proposed an efficient deep learning…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Zhipeng Huang , Balint Negyesi , Cornelis W. Oosterlee

Even in low dimensions, sampling from multi-modal distributions is challenging. We provide the first sampling algorithm for a broad class of distributions -- including all Gaussian mixtures -- with a query complexity that is polynomial in…

Computation · Statistics 2025-10-24 Adrien Vacher , Omar Chehab , Anna Korba

Score-based diffusion modeling is a generative machine learning algorithm that can be used to sample from complex distributions. They achieve this by learning a score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-probability density of the data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Dibyajyoti Chakraborty , Haiwen Guan , Jason Stock , Troy Arcomano , Guido Cervone , Romit Maulik

Flow matching is a recent state-of-the-art framework for generative modeling based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs). While closely related to diffusion models, it provides a more general perspective on generative modeling. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jeongsol Kim , Bryan Sangwoo Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion bridge models have demonstrated promising performance in conditional image generation tasks, such as image restoration and translation, by initializing the generative process from corrupted images instead of pure Gaussian noise.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yuang Wang , Pengfei Jin , Li Zhang , Quanzheng Li , Zhiqiang Chen , Dufan Wu

Beyond estimating parameters of interest from data, one of the key goals of statistical inference is to properly quantify uncertainty in these estimates. In Bayesian inference, this uncertainty is provided by the posterior distribution, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Daniela de Albuquerque , John Pearson

Diffusion models have become increasingly popular for generative modeling due to their ability to generate high-quality samples. This has unlocked exciting new possibilities for solving inverse problems, especially in image restoration and…

In this paper we present a novel sampling-based numerical scheme designed to solve a certain class of stochastic optimal control problems, utilizing forward and backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). By means of a nonlinear…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Ioannis Exarchos , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Inverse problems aim to determine parameters from observations, a crucial task in engineering and science. Lately, generative models, especially diffusion models, have gained popularity in this area for their ability to produce realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Gabriel della Maggiora , Luis Alberto Croquevielle , Nikita Deshpande , Harry Horsley , Thomas Heinis , Artur Yakimovich

Creating noise from data is easy; creating data from noise is generative modeling. We present a stochastic differential equation (SDE) that smoothly transforms a complex data distribution to a known prior distribution by slowly injecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Yang Song , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Diederik P. Kingma , Abhishek Kumar , Stefano Ermon , Ben Poole

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse imaging problems. However, their practical deployment is hindered by the substantial computational cost of slow, multi-step sampling. Although Consistency…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Amirreza Tanevardi , Pooria Abbas Rad Moghadam , Seyed Mohammad Eshtehardian , Sajjad Amini , Babak Khalaj