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While significant improvements have been made in recent years in terms of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance, such improvements were obtained through the use of very large neural networks, unfit for embedded use on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Alex Bie , Bharat Venkitesh , Joao Monteiro , Md. Akmal Haidar , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

Semantic communications have emerged as a new paradigm for improving communication efficiency by transmitting the semantic information of a source message that is most relevant to a desired task at the receiver. Most existing approaches…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yufei Bo , Yiheng Duan , Shuo Shao , Meixia Tao

Bandwidth extension, the task of reconstructing the high-frequency components of an audio signal from its low-pass counterpart, is a long-standing problem in audio processing. While traditional approaches have evolved alongside the broader…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Benoît Giniès , Xiaoyu Bie , Olivier Fercoq , Gaël Richard

Semantic communication has emerged as new paradigm shifts in 6G from the conventional syntax-oriented communications. Recently, the wireless broadcast technology has been introduced to support semantic communication system toward higher…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-01 Mingze Gong , Shuoyao Wang , Fangwei Ye , Suzhi Bi

In communication systems, Autoencoder (AE) refers to the concept of replacing parts of the transmitter and receiver by artificial neural networks (ANNs) to train the system end-to-end over a channel model. This approach aims to improve…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-12 Jonas Ney , Bilal Hammoud , Norbert Wehn

High-quality speech corpora are essential foundations for most speech applications. However, such speech data are expensive and limited since they are collected in professional recording environments. In this work, we propose an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-11 Haoyu Li , Yang Ai , Junichi Yamagishi

Discrete speech tokenization is a fundamental component in speech codecs. However, in large-scale speech-to-speech systems, the complexity of parallel streams from multiple quantizers and the computational cost of high-time-dimensional…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Rongkun Xue , Yazhe Niu , Shuai Hu , Zixin Yin , Yongqiang Yao , Jing Yang

Neural speech codecs have been widely used in audio compression and various downstream tasks. Current mainstream codecs are fixed-frame-rate (FFR), which allocate the same number of tokens to every equal-duration slice. However, speech is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Hankun Wang , Yiwei Guo , Chongtian Shao , Bohan Li , Kai Yu

Designing codes that combat the noise in a communication medium has remained a significant area of research in information theory as well as wireless communications. Asymptotically optimal channel codes have been developed by mathematicians…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Yihan Jiang , Hyeji Kim , Himanshu Asnani , Sreeram Kannan , Sewoong Oh , Pramod Viswanath

Code-switching (CS) occurs when a speaker alternates words of two or more languages within a single sentence or across sentences. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) of CS speech has to deal with two or more languages at the same time. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-19 Xinyuan Zhou , Emre Yılmaz , Yanhua Long , Yijie Li , Haizhou Li

Neural audio codecs are initially introduced to compress audio data into compact codes to reduce transmission latency. Researchers recently discovered the potential of codecs as suitable tokenizers for converting continuous audio into…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Haibin Wu , Xuanjun Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Kai-wei Chang , Ho-Lam Chung , Alexander H. Liu , Hung-yi Lee

This study compares the performances of different algorithms for coding speech at low bit rates. In addition to widely deployed traditional vocoders, a selection of recently developed generative-model-based coders at different bit rates are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-27 Wissam A. Jassim , Jan Skoglund , Michael Chinen , Andrew Hines

Scene-based spatial audio formats, such as Ambisonics, are playback system agnostic and may therefore be favoured for delivering immersive audio experiences to a wide range of (potentially unknown) devices. The number of channels required…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-25 Christoph Hold , Leo McCormack , Archontis Politis , Ville Pulkki

In this work, we address the challenge of encoding speech captured by a microphone array using deep learning techniques with the aim of preserving and accurately reconstructing crucial spatial cues embedded in multi-channel recordings. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Zhongweiyang Xu , Yong Xu , Vinay Kothapally , Heming Wang , Muqiao Yang , Dong Yu

EEG and audio are inherently distinct modalities, differing in sampling rate, channel structure, and scale. Yet, we show that pretrained neural audio codecs can serve as effective starting points for EEG compression, provided that the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ard Kastrati , Luca Lanzendörfer , Riccardo Rigoni , John Staib Matilla , Roger Wattenhofer

Recently, the ever-increasing demand for bandwidth in multi-modal communication systems requires a paradigm shift. Powered by deep learning, semantic communications are applied to multi-modal scenarios to boost communication efficiency and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-19 Yangshuo He , Guanding Yu , Yunlong Cai

Neural audio codecs (NACs) typically encode the short-term energy (gain) and normalized structure (shape) of speech/audio signals jointly within the same latent space. As a result, they are poorly robust to a global variation of the input…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Samir Sadok , Laurent Girin , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Recently, speech codecs based on neural networks have proven to perform better than traditional methods. However, redundancy in traditional parameter quantization is visible within the codec architecture of combining the traditional codec…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Youqiang Zheng , Li Xiao , Weiping Tu , Yuhong Yang , Xinmeng Xu

With recent rapid growth of large language models (LLMs), discrete speech tokenization has played an important role for injecting speech into LLMs. However, this discretization gives rise to a loss of information, consequently impairing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Zhichao Huang , Chutong Meng , Tom Ko

An enhanced framework for peak-to-average power ratio ($\mathsf{PAPR}$) reduction and waveform design for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output ($\mathsf{MIMO}$) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing ($\mathsf{OFDM}$) systems, based on a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-13 Yara Huleihel , Haim H. Permuter