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It is proposed that the rapid observed homogeneous nucleation of ice dust in a cold, weakly-ionized plasma depends on the formation of hydroxide (OH$^-$) by fast electrons impacting water molecules. These OH$^{-}$ ions attract neutral water…
A key feature of the crystallization of supercooled water confined in an applied static electric field is that the structural order here is determined not only by usual thermodynamic and kinematic factors (degree of supercooling, difference…
Thermodynamic dislocation theory incorporating dislocation impediment by the grain boundaries is developed to analyze the shear test of polycrystals. With a small set of physics based material parameters, we are able to simulate the…
Partially magnetized plasmas in ExB configurations - where the electric and magnetic fields are mutually perpendicular - exhibit a cross-field transport behavior, which is widely believed to be dominantly governed by complex…
X-ray imaging observatories have revealed hydrodynamic structures with linear scales ~ 10 kpc in clusters of galaxies, such as shock waves in the 1E0657-56 and A520 galaxy clusters and the hot plasma bubble in the MKW 3s cluster. The future…
We investigate thermal instability in an electron-ion magnetized plasma relevant to galaxy clusters, solar corona, and other two-component astrophysical objects. We apply the multicomponent plasma approach when the dynamics of all the…
The kinetics and thermodynamics of structural transformations under pressure depend strongly on particle size due to the influence of surface free energy. By suitable design of surface structure, composition, and passivation it is possible,…
We study the effect of surface tension of the phase boundary in the dynamics of an expanding fluid. A fluid at local thermal equilibrium, but has a slowly varying temperature profile, like the plasma formed in heavy ion collisions, will…
Numerical simulations of hydrated proteins show that protein hydration shells are polarized into a ferroelectric cluster with a large magnitude of its average dipole moment. The emergence of this new mesophase dramatically alters the…
Charge separation effects in the expansion of magnetized relativistic electron-ion plasmas into a vacuum are examined using 2-1/2-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulations. The electrostatic field at the plasma surface decelerates…
We study the influence of the shape of the plasma container on the dynamics of the Reversed Field Pinch (RFP). The geometries we consider are periodic cylinders with elliptical and circular-shaped cross-sections. Numerical simulations of…
This work presents a fast and scalable approach for predicting surface stability and equilibrium crystal morphology in ionic materials using electrostatic analysis. The method constructs stoichiometric slab terminations and evaluates their…
"Granular elasticity," useful for calculating static stress distributions in granular media, is generalized by including the effects of slowly moving, deformed grains. The result is a hydrodynamic theory for granular solids that agrees well…
The determination of the electromechanical properties of materials for a parallel-plate capacitor structure is affected by the electrostatic force between their electrodes. The corrections induced by this electric-field-induced stress are…
This article reviews the static and dynamic properties of spontaneous superstructures formed by electrons. Representations of such electronic crystals are charge density waves and spin density waves in inorganic as well as organic low…
Surfaces of planetary bodies can have strong electric fields, subjecting conductive grains to repulsive electrostatic forces. This has been proposed as mechanism to eject grains from the ground. To quantify this process, we study mm-sized…
Grain boundaries (GB) profoundly influence the electrical properties of polycrystalline ionic solids. Yet, precise control of their transport characteristics has remained elusive, thereby limiting the performance of solid-state…
The aggregation of clay particles in aqueous solution is a ubiquitous everyday process of broad environmental and technological importance. However, it is poorly understood at the all-important atomistic level since it depends on a complex…
The mechanical properties of a solid, which relate its deformation to external applied forces, are key factors in enabling or disabling the use of an otherwise optimal material in any application, strongly influencing also its service…
We present high resolution ($1024^3$) simulations of super-/hyper-sonic isothermal hydrodynamic turbulence inside an interstellar molecular cloud (resolving scales of typically 20 -- 100 AU), including a multi-disperse population of dust…