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Simulation is an invaluable tool for developing and evaluating controllers for self-driving cars. Current simulation frameworks are driven by highly-specialist domain specific languages, and so a natural language interface would greatly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Craig Innes

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) has pushed their boundaries to many applications in various domains. Recently, the research community has started to evaluate their potential adoption in autonomous vehicles and especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Petros Loukas , David Bassir , Savvas Chatzichristofis , Angelos Amanatiadis

Deep learning models for autonomous driving, encompassing perception, planning, and control, depend on vast datasets to achieve their high performance. However, their generalization often suffers due to domain-specific data distributions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Esteban Rivera , Jannik Lübberstedt , Nico Uhlemann , Markus Lienkamp

Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) exhibit advanced capabilities in tasks that require visual information, including object detection. These capabilities have promising applications in various industrial domains, such as autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Haruki Sakajo , Hiroshi Takato , Hiroshi Tsutsui , Komei Soda , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Existing Vision-Language models (VLMs) estimate either long-term trajectory waypoints or a set of control actions as a reactive solution for closed-loop planning based on their rich scene comprehension. However, these estimations are coarse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Pranjal Paul , Anant Garg , Tushar Choudhary , Arun Kumar Singh , K. Madhava Krishna

In recent years, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance in OCR-centric Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks, illustrating their capability to process heterogeneous data and exhibit adaptability across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Chen Duan , Zhentao Guo , Pei Fu , Zining Wang , Kai Zhou , Pengfei Yan

Various methods have been proposed for utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) in autonomous driving. One strategy of using LLMs for autonomous driving involves inputting surrounding objects as text prompts to the LLMs, along with their…

Large Language Models (LLM) have emerged as a tool for robots to generate task plans using common sense reasoning. For the LLM to generate actionable plans, scene context must be provided, often through a map. Recent works have shifted from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Mike Zhang , Kaixian Qu , Vaishakh Patil , Cesar Cadena , Marco Hutter

This paper introduces VLN-Pilot, a novel framework in which a large Vision-and-Language Model (VLLM) assumes the role of a human pilot for indoor drone navigation. By leveraging the multimodal reasoning abilities of VLLMs, VLN-Pilot…

Hybrid planner switching framework (HPSF) for autonomous driving needs to reconcile high-speed driving efficiency with safe maneuvering in dense traffic. Existing HPSF methods often fail to make reliable mode transitions or sustain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-30 He Li , Zhaowei Chen , Rui Gao , Guoliang Li , Qi Hao , Shuai Wang , Chengzhong Xu

As autonomous driving systems increasingly become part of daily transportation, the ability to accurately anticipate and mitigate potential traffic accidents is paramount. Traditional accident anticipation models primarily utilizing dashcam…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Haicheng Liao , Yongkang Li , Chengyue Wang , Yanchen Guan , KaHou Tam , Chunlin Tian , Li Li , Chengzhong Xu , Zhenning Li

Crash detection from video feeds is a critical problem in intelligent transportation systems. Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have transformed how we process, reason about, and summarize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Sanjeda Akter , Ibne Farabi Shihab , Anuj Sharma

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) opens new frontiers for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAVs), yet existing systems remain confined to predefined tasks due to hardware-software co-design challenges. This paper presents the first…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ji Zhao , Xiao Lin

Landing safely in crowded urban environments remains an essential yet challenging endeavor for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), especially in emergency situations. In this work, we propose a risk-aware approach that harnesses semantic…

Accurately predicting human behaviors is crucial for mobile robots operating in human-populated environments. While prior research primarily focuses on predicting actions in single-human scenarios from an egocentric view, several robotic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Utsav Panchal , Yuchen Liu , Luigi Palmieri , Ilche Georgievski , Marco Aiello

Large Language Models (LLMs) pre-trained on internet-scale datasets have shown impressive capabilities in code understanding, synthesis, and general purpose question-and-answering. Key to their performance is the substantial prior knowledge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Andrea Tagliabue , Kota Kondo , Tong Zhao , Mason Peterson , Claudius T. Tewari , Jonathan P. How

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promise in instruction following and 2D image understanding. While these models are powerful, they have not yet been developed to comprehend the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Senqiao Yang , Jiaming Liu , Ray Zhang , Mingjie Pan , Zoey Guo , Xiaoqi Li , Zehui Chen , Peng Gao , Yandong Guo , Shanghang Zhang

Autonomous driving systems face significant challenges in handling unpredictable edge-case scenarios, such as adversarial pedestrian movements, dangerous vehicle maneuvers, and sudden environmental changes. Current end-to-end driving models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Dianwei Chen , Zifan Zhang , Lei Cheng , Yuchen Liu , Xianfeng Terry Yang

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show significant promise for end-to-end autonomous driving by leveraging the common sense embedded in language models, their reliance on 2D image cues for complex scene understanding and decision-making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weijie Wei , Zhipeng Luo , Ling Feng , Venice Erin Liong

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in scene understanding and perception tasks, enabling robots to plan and execute actions adaptively in dynamic environments. However, most multimodal large language models lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Guoqin Tang , Qingxuan Jia , Zeyuan Huang , Gang Chen , Ning Ji , Zhipeng Yao