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Quantum error correction is rapidly seeing first experimental implementations, but there is a significant gap between asymptotically optimal error-correcting codes and codes that are experimentally feasible. Quantum LDPC codes range from…

We introduce a technique that uses gauge fixing to significantly improve the quantum error correcting performance of subsystem codes. By changing the order in which check operators are measured, valuable additional information can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-18 Oscar Higgott , Nikolas P. Breuckmann

Information obtained from noise characterization of a quantum device can be used in classical decoding algorithms to improve the performance of quantum error-correcting codes. Focusing on the surface code under local (i.e. single-qubit)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 Andrew S. Darmawan

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising candidates towards scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among these, bivariate bicycle (BB) codes offer superior encoding rates and large code distance compared to surface codes.…

Local update recovery seeks to maintain quantum information by applying local correction maps alternating with and compensating for the action of noise. Motivated by recent constructions based on quantum LDPC codes in the finite-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-29 Robert König , Cambyse Rouzé

The goal of this paper is to review the theoretical basis for achieving a faithful quantum information transmission and processing in the presence of noise. Initially encoding and decoding, implementing gates and quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. J. Salas

Current hardware for quantum computing suffers from high levels of noise, and so to achieve practical fault-tolerant quantum computing will require powerful and efficient methods to correct for errors in quantum circuits. Here, we explore…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Aditya Jain , Pavithran Iyer , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Utility-scale quantum computing requires quantum error correction (QEC) to protect quantum information against noise. Currently, superconducting hardware is a promising candidate for achieving fault tolerance due to its fast gate times and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 György P. Gehér , David Byfield , Archibald Ruban

Quantum error correction (QEC) is often implemented on hardware that experiences biased noise, where dephasing errors occur more frequently than other errors. This has motivated many recent efforts to develop bias-tailored QEC codes, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Arianna Meinking , Julie Campos , Kenneth R. Brown

To unleash the potential of quantum computers, noise effects on qubits' performance must be carefully managed. The decoders responsible for diagnosing noise-induced computational errors must use resources efficiently to enable scaling to…

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing with considerably reduced overhead compared to the surface code. However, the lack of a practical decoding algorithm remains a barrier to…

We study approximate quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes, which are approximate quantum error-correcting codes specified as the ground space of a frustration-free local Hamiltonian, whose terms do not necessarily commute. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 Thomas C. Bohdanowicz , Elizabeth Crosson , Chinmay Nirkhe , Henry Yuen

Iterative decoders for finite length quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are attractive because their hardware complexity scales only linearly with the number of physical qubits. However, they are impacted by short cycles,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Nithin Raveendran , Bane Vasić

Designing efficient fault tolerance schemes is crucial for building useful quantum computers. Most standard schemes assume no knowledge of the underlying device noise and rely on general-purpose quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes capable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Long D. H. My , Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam , Hui Khoon Ng

Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) is expected to address a wide range of computational problems. To realize large-scale FTQC, it is essential to encode logical qubits using quantum error-correcting codes. High-rate concatenated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Takeshi Kakizaki

Quantum error correction is indispensable to achieving reliable quantum computation. When quantum information is encoded redundantly, a larger Hilbert space is constructed using multiple physical qubits, and the computation is performed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Hoshitaro Ohnishi , Hideo Mukai

Quantum computing holds the promise of solving classically intractable problems. Enabling this requires scalable and hardware-efficient quantum processors with vanishing error rates. This perspective manuscript describes how bosonic codes,…

Qubit loss errors constitute a dominant source of noise in many quantum hardware systems, particularly in neutral atom quantum computers. We develop a theoretical framework to effectively detect and correct loss errors in logical algorithms…

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution utilizes an ensemble of coherent states of light to distribute secret encryption keys between two parties. One of the challenges is thereby the requirement of capacity approaching error…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Hossein Mani , Tobias Gehring , Christoph Pacher , Ulrik Lund Andersen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has emerged as a promising solution to protect current cryptographic systems against the threat of quantum computers. As QKD transitions from laboratories to real-world applications, its implementation under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Hashir Kuniyil , Saif Al-Kuwari , Asad Ali , Artur Czerwinski , Syed M. Arslan