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This paper investigates how Large Language Models (LLMs) represent non-English tokens -- a question that remains underexplored despite recent progress. We propose a lightweight intervention method using representation steering, where a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Omar Mahmoud , Buddhika Laknath Semage , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana

We present QueryGym, a lightweight, extensible Python toolkit that supports large language model (LLM)-based query reformulation. This is an important tool development since recent work on llm-based query reformulation has shown notable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Amin Bigdeli , Radin Hamidi Rad , Mert Incesu , Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A. Clarke , Ebrahim Bagheri

Studying facial expressions is a notoriously difficult endeavor. Recent advances in the field of affective computing have yielded impressive progress in automatically detecting facial expressions from pictures and videos. However, much of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Jin Hyun Cheong , Eshin Jolly , Tiankang Xie , Sophie Byrne , Matthew Kenney , Luke J. Chang

Modern software relies heavily on data and machine learning, and affects decisions that shape our world. Unfortunately, recent studies have shown that because of biases in data, software systems frequently inject bias into their decisions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Brittany Johnson , Jesse Bartola , Rico Angell , Katherine Keith , Sam Witty , Stephen J. Giguere , Yuriy Brun

Proper citation of relevant literature is essential for contextualising and validating scientific contributions. While current citation recommendation systems leverage local and global textual information, they often overlook the nuances of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Karan Goyal , Dikshant Kukreja , Vikram Goyal , Mukesh Mohania

Python's dynamic type system, while offering significant flexibility and expressiveness, poses substantial challenges for static analysis and automated tooling, particularly in unannotated or partially annotated codebases. Existing type…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ali Aman , Muhammad Asaduzzaman , Shaowei Wang

The explosive growth of textual data over time presents a significant challenge in uncovering evolving themes and trends. Existing dynamic topic modeling techniques, while powerful, often exist in fragmented pipelines that lack robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Suman Adhya , Debarshi Kumar Sanyal

This paper introduces Sparklen, a statistical learning toolkit for Hawkes processes in Python, designed to bring together efficiency and ease of use. The purpose of this package is to provide the Python community with a complete suite of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-31 Romain Edmond Lacoste

In this article, we present musicaiz, an object-oriented library for analyzing, generating and evaluating symbolic music. The submodules of the package allow the user to create symbolic music data from scratch, build algorithms to analyze…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Carlos Hernandez-Olivan , Jose R. Beltran

Enhancing computational efficiency and reducing deployment costs for large language models (LLMs) have become critical challenges in various resource-constrained scenarios. In this work, we present DistilQwen2.5, a family of distilled,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Yuanhao Yue , Jun Huang

Medical time-series data captures the dynamic progression of patient conditions, playing a vital role in modern clinical decision support systems. However, real-world clinical data is highly heterogeneous and inconsistently formatted.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zhongheng Jiang , Yuechao Zhao , Donglin Xie , Chenxi Sun , Rongchen Lu , Silu Luo , Zisheng Liang , Shenda Hong

AI-assisted programming greatly increases software development performance. We enhance this potential by integrating transparency through domain-specific modeling techniques and providing instantaneous, graphical visualizations that…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Steven Smyth , Daniel Busch , Moez Ben Haj Hmida , Edward A. Lee , Bernhard Steffen

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied in various practical applications, typically comprising billions of parameters, with inference processes requiring substantial energy and computational resources. In contrast, the human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Xin Du , Shifan Ye , Qian Zheng , Yangfan Hu , Rui Yan , Shunyu Qi , Shuyang Chen , Huajin Tang , Gang Pan , Shuiguang Deng

Current trends in Machine Learning prefer explainability even when it comes at the cost of performance. Therefore, explainable AI methods are particularly important in the field of Fraud Detection. This work investigates the applicability…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-30 Boris Wolfson , Erman Acar

Machine learning on data streams is increasingly more present in multiple domains. However, there is often data distribution shift that can lead machine learning models to make incorrect decisions. While there are automatic methods to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-02 João Palmeiro , Beatriz Malveiro , Rita Costa , David Polido , Ricardo Moreira , Pedro Bizarro

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts where their outputs influence real-world decisions. However, evaluating bias in LLM outputs remains methodologically challenging due to sensitivity to prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 William Guey , Wei Zhang , Pei-Luen Patrick Rau , Pierrick Bougault , Vitor D. de Moura , Bertan Ucar , Jose O. Gomes

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) is transforming AI, opening new opportunities in sensitive and high-impact areas such as Mental Health (MH). Yet, despite these advancements, recent evidence reveals that smaller-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Federico Ravenda , Seyed Ali Bahrainian , Andrea Raballo , Antonietta Mira

Detecting microbial biomarkers used to predict disease phenotypes and clinical outcomes is crucial for disease early-stage screening and diagnosis. Most methods for biomarker identification are linear-based, which is very limited as…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-29 Jian Jiang

Latent space steering methods provide a practical approach to controlling large language models by applying steering vectors to intermediate activations, guiding outputs toward desired behaviors while avoiding retraining. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Shawn Im , Sharon Li

Online dialogic instructions are a set of pedagogical instructions used in real-world online educational contexts to motivate students, help understand learning materials, and build effective study habits. In spite of the popularity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Jiahao Chen , Shuyan Huang , Zitao Liu , Weiqi Luo