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We define some of the programming and system-level challenges facing the application of quantum processing to high-performance computing. Alongside barriers to physical integration, prominent differences in the execution of quantum and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Keith A. Britt , Fahd A. Mohiyaddin , Travis S. Humble

This paper introduces Helix, a distributed system for high-throughput, low-latency large language model (LLM) serving in heterogeneous GPU clusters. The key idea behind Helix is to formulate inference computation of LLMs over heterogeneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yixuan Mei , Yonghao Zhuang , Xupeng Miao , Juncheng Yang , Zhihao Jia , Rashmi Vinayak

Heterogeneous systems are present from powerful supercomputers, to mobile devices, including desktop computers, thanks to their excellent performance and energy consumption. The ubiquity of these architectures in both desktop systems and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Raúl Nozal , Jose Luis Bosque , Ramon Beivide

In recent years, it has become increasingly common for high performance computers (HPC) to possess some level of heterogeneous architecture - typically in the form of GPU accelerators. In some machines these are isolated within a dedicated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-19 I. Zacharoudiou , J. W. S. McCullough , P. V. Coveney

The DEEP projects have developed a variety of hardware and software technologies aiming at improving the efficiency and usability of next generation high-performance computers. They evolve around an innovative concept for heterogeneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Anke Kreuzer , Jorge Amaya , Norbert Eicker , Estela Suarez

High-performance computing systems are more and more often based on accelerators. Computing applications targeting those systems often follow a host-driven approach in which hosts offload almost all compute-intensive sections of the code…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-15 E. Calore , A. Gabbana , S. F. Schifano , R. Tripiccione

In this paper, we introduce a software-defined framework that enables the parallel utilization of all the programmable processing resources available in heterogeneous system-on-chip (SoC) including FPGA-based hardware accelerators and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Jose Nunez-Yanez , Mohammad Hosseinabady , Moslem Amiri , Andrés Rodríguez , Rafael Asenjo , Angeles Navarro , Rubén Gran-Tejero , Darío Suárez-Gracia

Parallelization is needed everywhere, from laptops and mobile phones to supercomputers. Among parallel programming models, task-based programming has demonstrated a powerful potential and is widely used in high-performance scientific…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Paul Cardosi , Bérenger Bramas

Future computing systems, from handhelds to supercomputers, will undoubtedly be more parallel and heterogeneous than todays systems to provide more performance and energy efficiency. Thus, GPUs are increasingly being used to accelerate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Saeed Taheri , Apan Qasem , Martin Burtscher

Training transformer models requires substantial GPU compute and memory resources. In homogeneous clusters, distributed strategies allocate resources evenly, but this approach is inefficient for heterogeneous clusters, where GPUs differ in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Runsheng Benson Guo , Utkarsh Anand , Arthur Chen , Khuzaima Daudjee

Today, many scientific and engineering areas require high performance computing to perform computationally intensive experiments. For example, many advances in transport phenomena, thermodynamics, material properties, computational…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-07-15 K. G. Kapanova , J. M. Sellier

The modern trend in High-Performance Computing (HPC) involves the use of accelerators such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) alongside Central Processing Units (CPUs) to speed up numerical operations in various applications. Leading…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Giulio Malenza , Giovanni Stabile , Filippo Spiga , Robert Birke , Marco Aldinucci

Heterogeneous parallel systems are widely spread nowadays. Despite their availability, their usage and adoption are still limited, and even more rarely they are used to full power. Indeed, compelling new technologies are constantly…

Performance · Computer Science 2015-11-23 Baptiste Delporte , Roberto Rigamonti , Alberto Dassatti

Heterogeneous accelerator-centric compute clusters are emerging as efficient solutions for diverse AI workloads. However, current integration strategies often compromise data movement efficiency and encounter compatibility issues in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ryan Albert Antonio , Joren Dumoulin , Xiaoling Yi , Josse Van Delm , Yunhao Deng , Guilherme Paim , Marian Verhelst

CPU-GPU heterogeneous architectures are now commonly used in a wide variety of computing systems from mobile devices to supercomputers. Maximizing the throughput for multi-programmed workloads on such systems is indispensable as one single…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Issa Saba , Eishi Arima , Dai Liu , Martin Schulz

Specialized accelerators such as GPUs, TPUs, FPGAs, and custom ASICs have been increasingly deployed to train deep learning models. These accelerators exhibit heterogeneous performance behavior across model architectures. Existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Deepak Narayanan , Keshav Santhanam , Fiodar Kazhamiaka , Amar Phanishayee , Matei Zaharia

The usage of large language models (LLMs) has grown increasingly fragmented, with no single model dominating. Meanwhile, cloud providers offer a wide range of mid-tier and older-generation GPUs that enjoy better availability and deliver…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yixuan Mei , Zikun Li , Zixuan Chen , Shiqi Pan , Mengdi Wu , Xupeng Miao , Zhihao Jia , K. V. Rashmi

Parallel programming remains a daunting challenge, from the struggle to express a parallel algorithm without cluttering the underlying synchronous logic, to describing which devices to employ in a calculation, to correctness. Over the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Patrick Diehl , Steven R. Brandt , Hartmut Kaiser

The rapid growth of data-intensive applications such as generative AI, scientific simulations, and large-scale analytics is driving modern supercomputers and data centers toward increasingly heterogeneous and tightly integrated…

Heterogeneous computing integrates diverse processing elements, such as CPUs, GPUs, and FPGAs, within a single system, aiming to leverage the strengths of each architecture to optimize performance and energy consumption. In this context,…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Maksymilian Graczyk , Vincent Desbiolles , Stefan Roiser , Andrea Guerrieri