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The emergence of large-scale quantum computing threatens widely deployed public-key cryptographic systems, creating an urgent need for enterprise-level methods to assess post-quantum (PQ) readiness. While PQ standards are under development,…
As quantum computing advances toward practical deployment, it threatens a wide range of classical cryptographic mechanisms, including digital signatures, key exchange protocols, public-key encryption, and certain hash-based constructions…
Quantum computer is no longer a hypothetical idea. It is the worlds most important technology and there is a race among countries to get supremacy in quantum technology. Its the technology that will reduce the computing time from years to…
As quantum computing hardware continues to advance, the integration of such technology with quantum algorithms is anticipated to enable the decryption of ciphertexts produced by RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) within polynomial…
Modern web traffic relies on 2048-bit RSA encryption to secure our data in transit. Rapid advances in Quantum Computing pose a grave challenge by allowing hackers to break this encryption in hours. In August of 2024, the National Institute…
In recent years, quantum computers and Shor quantum algorithm have posed a threat to current mainstream asymmetric cryptography methods (e.g. RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)). Therefore, it is necessary to construct a Post-Quantum…
Digital signatures represent a crucial cryptographic asset that must be protected against quantum adversaries. Quantum Digital Signatures (QDS) can offer solutions that are information-theoretically (IT) secure and thus immune to quantum…
As quantum computing advances, modern cryptographic standards face an existential threat, necessitating a transition to post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has selected CRYSTALS-Kyber…
The escalating impacts of climate change and the increasing demand for sustainable development and natural resource management necessitate innovative technological solutions. Quantum computing (QC) has emerged as a promising tool with the…
Many modern asymmetric encryption methods rely on prime numbers, as they have distinctive properties. For instance, the security of RSA cryptosystem relies on the computational difficulty of factoring a large composite number in its prime…
Quantum computing poses fundamental risks to classical blockchain systems by undermining widely used cryptographic primitives. In response, two major research directions have emerged: post-quantum blockchains, which integrate…
In this paper, the systematisation and classification of modern quantum technologies of information security against cyber-terrorist attack are carried out. The characteristic of the basic directions of quantum cryptography from the…
As quantum computing technology continues to advance, post-quantum cryptographic methods capable of resisting quantum attacks have emerged as a critical area of focus. Given the potential vulnerability of existing homomorphic encryption…
The development of quantum computing threatens the security of our currently widely deployed cryptographic algorithms. While signicant progress has been made in developing post-quantum cryptography (PQC) standards to protect against future…
We call quantum security the area of IT security dealing with scenarios where one or more parties have access to quantum hardware. This encompasses both the fields of post-quantum cryptography (that is, traditional cryptography engineered…
We propose a decision procedure for analysing security of quantum cryptographic protocols, combining a classical algebraic rewrite system for knowledge with an operational semantics for quantum distributed computing. As a test case, we use…
The steady advancement in quantum computer error correction technology has pushed the current record to 48 stable logical qubits, bringing us closer to machines capable of running Shor's algorithm at scales that threaten RSA and ECC…
This paper introduces a hybrid encryption framework combining classical cryptography (EdDSA, ECDH), post-quantum cryptography (ML-DSA-6x5, ML-KEM-768), and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) via Guardian to counter quantum computing threats.…
Quantum computers will change the cryptographic panorama. A technology once believed to lay far away into the future is increasingly closer to real world applications. Quantum computers will break the algorithms used in our public key…
As quantum computing continues to advance, its ability to compromise widely used cryptographic systems projects a significant challenge to modern cybersecurity. This paper outlines a strategic roadmap for industries to anticipate and…