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Large Language Models (LLMs) deliver state-of-the-art capabilities across numerous tasks, but their immense size and inference costs pose significant computational challenges for practical deployment. While structured pruning offers a…

With the exponential increase of the protein sequence databases over time, multiple-sequence alignment (MSA) methods, like PSI-BLAST, perform exhaustive and time-consuming database search to retrieve evolutionary information. The resulting…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-21 Issar Arab

Addressing the growing demands of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics requires new computing approaches. In this paper, we propose a reconfigurable hardware accelerator designed specifically for AI and data-intensive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Md Rownak Hossain Chowdhury , Mostafizur Rahman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across diverse tasks, but their large memory and compute demands hinder deployment. Ternarization has gained attention as a promising compression technique, delivering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xianglong Yan , Chengzhu Bao , Zhiteng Li , Tianao Zhang , Kaicheng Yang , Haotong Qin , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Yulun Zhang

Understanding biological processes, drug development, and biotechnological advancements requires a detailed analysis of protein structures and functions, a task that is inherently complex and time-consuming in traditional protein research.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Yijia Xiao , Edward Sun , Yiqiao Jin , Qifan Wang , Wei Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, but their ability to process long sequences is fundamentally limited by the context window size during training. Existing length extrapolation methods often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Nitin Vetcha

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) remains pivotal in structural biology, yet the task of protein particle picking, integral for 3D protein structure construction, is laden with manual inefficiencies. While recent AI tools such as Topaz and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Fei He , Zhiyuan Yang , Mingyue Gao , Biplab Poudel , Newgin Sam Ebin Sam Dhas , Rajan Gyawali , Ashwin Dhakal , Jianlin Cheng , Dong Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved near-human performance across diverse reasoning tasks, yet their deployment on resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices remains impractical due to massive parameter footprints and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mingyu Sung , Vikas Palakonda , Suhwan Im , Sunghwan Moon , Il-Min Kim , Sangseok Yun , Jae-Mo Kang

Motivated by the transformative capabilities of large language models (LLMs) across various natural language tasks, there has been a growing demand to deploy these models effectively across diverse real-world applications and platforms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yonggan Fu , Zhongzhi Yu , Junwei Li , Jiayi Qian , Yongan Zhang , Xiangchi Yuan , Dachuan Shi , Roman Yakunin , Yingyan Celine Lin

Optical computing has been recently proposed as a new compute paradigm to meet the demands of future AI/ML workloads in datacenters and supercomputers. However, proposed implementations so far suffer from lack of scalability, large…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Daniel Sturm , Sajjad Moazeni

Protein language models (PLMs) have emerged as powerful tools to detect complex patterns of protein sequences. However, the capability of PLMs to fully capture information on protein sequences might be limited by focusing on single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hazem Alsamkary , Mohamed Elshaffei , Mohamed Elkerdawy , Ahmed Elnaggar

The emergence of accurate open large language models (LLMs) has sparked a push for advanced quantization techniques to enable efficient deployment on end-user devices. In this paper, we revisit the challenge of extreme LLM compression --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zhixiong Zhao , Fangxin Liu , Junjie Wang , Chenyang Guan , Zongwu Wang , Li Jiang , Haibing Guan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of reasoning over diverse input data modalities through pre-trained encoders. However, the growing diversity of input data modalities prevents incorporating all modalities into LLMs, especially when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Kai Huang , Boyuan Yang , Wei Gao

Proteins are essential components of all living organisms and play a critical role in cellular survival. They have a broad range of applications, from clinical treatments to material engineering. This versatility has spurred the development…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-28 Chenyu Ren , Daihai He , Jian Huang

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, they encounter challenges in terms of reasoning efficiency, large model size and overthinking. However, existing lightweight…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Qixiang Yin , Huanjin Yao , Jianghao Chen , Jiaxing Huang , Zhicheng Zhao , Fei Su

Protein sequence design must balance designability, defined as the ability to recover a target backbone, with multiple, often competing, developability properties such as solubility, thermostability, and expression. Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaoyang Hou , Junqi Liu , Chence Shi , Xin Liu , Zhi Yang , Jian Tang

Genome sequence analysis has enabled significant advancements in medical and scientific areas such as personalized medicine, outbreak tracing, and the understanding of evolution. Unfortunately, it is currently bottlenecked by the…

In large-scale recommender systems, ultra-long user behavior sequences encode rich signals of evolving interests. Extending sequence length generally improves accuracy, but directly modeling such sequences in production is infeasible due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kaiyuan Li , Yongxiang Tang , Yanhua Cheng , Yong Bai , Yanxiang Zeng , Chao Wang , Xialong Liu , Peng Jiang

Proteins are macromolecules that perform essential functions in all living organisms. Designing novel proteins with specific structures and desired functions has been a long-standing challenge in the field of bioengineering. Existing…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-03 Chence Shi , Chuanrui Wang , Jiarui Lu , Bozitao Zhong , Jian Tang

We present APQ for efficient deep learning inference on resource-constrained hardware. Unlike previous methods that separately search the neural architecture, pruning policy, and quantization policy, we optimize them in a joint manner. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Tianzhe Wang , Kuan Wang , Han Cai , Ji Lin , Zhijian Liu , Song Han