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When language models answer open-ended problems, they implicitly make hidden decisions that shape their outputs, leaving users with uncontextualized answers rather than a working map of the problem; drawing on multiverse analysis from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Andre Ye , Jenny Y. Huang , Alicia Guo , Rose Novick , Tamara Broderick , Mitchell L. Gordon

Panpsychism is a solution to the mind-body problem that presumes that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality instead of a product or consequence of physical processes (i.e., brain activity). Panpsychism is an elegant solution to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-18 Jacob Jolij

It is argued that the problem of interpreting quantum mechanics, and the philosophical problem of consciousness, both have their roots in the same set of misguided Cartesian assumptions. The confusions underlying those assumptions are…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 D. M. Appleby

The origin and meaning of facial beauty represent a longstanding puzzle. Despite the profuse literature devoted to facial attractiveness, its very nature, its determinants and the nature of inter-person differences remain controversial…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-06-12 Miguel Ibáñez-Berganza , Ambra Amico , Vittorio Loreto

The broader scope of our investigations is the search for the way in which concepts and their combinations carry and influence meaning and what this implies for human thought. More specifically, we examine the use of the mathematical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-04-16 Diederik Aerts

The tension between qualitative theorizing and quantitative methods is pervasive in the social sciences, and poses a constant challenge to empirical research. But in science studies as an interdisciplinary specialty, there are additional…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-05-25 Loet Leydesdorff

Disputes on the foundations of Quantum Mechanics often involve the conception of reality, without a clear definition on which aspect of this broad concept of reality one refers. We provide an overview of conceptions of reality in classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-08 Gerd Christian Krizek

It has been suggested, on the one hand, that quantum states are just states of knowledge; and, on the other, that quantum theory is merely a theory of correlations. These suggestions are confronted with problems about the nature of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Matthew J. Donald

Machine Consciousness is the study of consciousness in a biological, philosophical, mathematical and physical perspective and designing a model that can fit into a programmable system architecture. Prime objective of the study is to make…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-02-02 C. N. Padhy , R. R. Panda

According to a particular interpretation of quantum mechanics, the causal role of human consciousness in the measuring process is called upon to solve a foundational problem called the "measurement problem". Traditionally, this…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Raoni Arroyo , Lauro de Matos Nunes Filho , Frederik Moreira dos Santos

The problem of consciousness faced several challenges for a few reasons: (a) a lack of necessary and sufficient conditions, without which we would not know how close we are to the solution, (b) a lack of a synthesis framework to build…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-04-14 Muralidhar Ravuri

This paper introduces function alignment, a novel theory of mind and intelligence that is both intuitively compelling and structurally grounded. It explicitly models how meaning, interpretation, and analogy emerge from interactions among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Gus G. Xia

Criticality is hypothesized as a physical mechanism underlying efficient transitions between cortical states and remarkable information processing capacities in the brain. While considerable evidence generally supports this hypothesis,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-12 Yang Tian , Zeren Tan , Hedong Hou , Guoqi Li , Aohua Cheng , Yike Qiu , Kangyu Weng , Chun Chen , Pei Sun

We show that the modern quantum mechanics, and particularly the theory of decoherence, allows for formulating a sort of a physical metatheory of consciousness. Particularly, the analysis of the necessary conditions for the occurrence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Miroljub Dugic , Dejan Rakovic , Milan M. Cirkovic

The problem of quantification of emotions in the choice between alternatives is considered. The alternatives are evaluated in a dual manner. From one side, they are characterized by rational features defining the utility of each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-07 V. I. Yukalov

A generalized view of Duality is offered as a bridge between physical sciences and the more abstract philosophical dimensions bordering on mysticism. To that end several examples of duality are first cited from from conventional physics…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. N. Mitra

In this article, I argue that modern spacetime physics causes problems for a number of traditional accounts of modality, but also offers important new ideas about the connection between modal and non-modal features of reality. I suggest…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Emily Adlam

In this paper, I argue that we can better understand the relationship between social structure and materiality by combining qualitative analysis of practices in shared physical space with statistical analysis. Drawing on the two-mode…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Nikita Basov

The purpose of this paper is to formalize the concept that best synthesizes our intuitive understanding of quantum mechanics -- that the information carried by a system is limited -- and, from this principle, to construct the foundations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Paolo Ferro

Rather than using (proxies of) end user or expert judgment to decide on the ranking of information, this paper asks whether conversations about information quality might offer a feasible and valuable addition for ranking information. We…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Frans van der Sluis
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