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The performance of quantum neural network models depends strongly on architectural decisions, including circuit depth, placement of parametrized operations, and data-encoding strategies. Selecting an effective architecture is challenging…

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are promising methods for solving combinatorial optimization problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, benchmarking VQAs is difficult due to their stochastic behavior and the…

Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) are promising models for quantum machine learning, but standard monolithic architectures face an expressivity--trainability dilemma: small circuits can be under-parameterized, while larger circuits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Howard Su , Chen-Yu Liu , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Kuan-Cheng Chen , Huan-Hsin Tseng

The vast and complicated large-qubit state space forbids us to comprehensively capture the dynamics of modern quantum computers via classical simulations or quantum tomography. Recent progress in quantum learning theory prompts a crucial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Dacheng Tao

Across diverse synthetic and real-world interaction graphs, the variational landscapes of reduced Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) instances obtained via variable freezing exhibit a robust universality. Leveraging this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Sokea Sang , Leanghok Hour , Sanghyeon Lee , Aniket Patra , Hee Chul Park , Moon Jip Park , Youngsun Han

Engineering design processes involve iterative design evaluations requiring numerous computationally intensive numerical simulations. Quantum algorithms promise substantial speedups for specific tasks relevant to engineering simulations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Leonhard Hölscher , Lukas Müller , Or Samimi , Tamuz Danzig

Quantum processing unit (QPU) has to satisfy highly demanding quantity and quality requirements on its qubits to produce accurate results for problems at useful scales. Furthermore, classical simulations of quantum circuits generally do not…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Wei Tang , Margaret Martonosi

Combining machine learning and quantum computation is a potential path towards powerful applications on quantum devices. Regarding this, quantum neural networks are a prominent approach. In this work, we present a novel architecture for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Tobias C. Sutter , Christopher Popp , Beatrix C. Hiesmayr

Demonstrating quantum advantage in machine learning tasks requires navigating a complex landscape of proposed models and algorithms. To bring clarity to this search, we introduce a framework that connects the structure of parametrized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Sergi Masot-Llima , Elies Gil-Fuster , Carlos Bravo-Prieto , Jens Eisert , Tommaso Guaita

Exploratory Landscape Analysis is a powerful technique for numerically characterizing landscapes of single-objective continuous optimization problems. Landscape insights are crucial both for problem understanding as well as for assessing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Moritz Vinzent Seiler , Raphael Patrick Prager , Pascal Kerschke , Heike Trautmann

Hybrid quantum-classical computing relies heavily on Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) to tackle challenges in diverse fields like quantum chemistry and machine learning. However, VQAs face a critical limitation: the balance between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Jeihee Cho , Junyong Lee , Daniel Justice , Shiho Kim

The search for quantum algorithms to tackle classical combinatorial optimization problems has long been one of the most attractive yet challenging research topics in quantum computing. In this context, variational quantum algorithms (VQA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Andoni Agirre , Evert Van Nieuwenburg , Matteo M. Wauters

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) can potentially solve practical problems using contemporary Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. VQAs find near-optimal solutions in the presence of qubit errors by classically optimizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Kun Liu , Tianyi Hao , Swamit Tannu

A fundamental challenge in quantum physics is determining the ground-state properties of many-body systems. Whereas standard approaches, such as variational calculations, consist of writing down a wave function ansatz and minimizing over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Jie Wang , David Jansen , Irénée Frerot , Marc-Olivier Renou , Victor Magron , Antonio Acín

The assumption of maximum parallelism support for the successful realization of scalable quantum computers has led to homogeneous, ``sea-of-qubits'' architectures. The resulting architectures overcome the primary challenges of reliability…

Exploring quantum applications of near-term quantum devices is a rapidly growing field of quantum information science with both theoretical and practical interests. A leading paradigm to establish such near-term quantum applications is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-16 Hao-Kai Zhang , Chengkai Zhu , Geng Liu , Xin Wang

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) provide a promising approach to achieve quantum advantage in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era. In this era, quantum computers experience high error rates and quantum error detection and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Salonik Resch , Anthony Gutierrez , Joon Suk Huh , Srikant Bharadwaj , Yasuko Eckert , Gabriel Loh , Mark Oskin , Swamit Tannu

The building blocks of quantum algorithms and software are quantum gates, with the appropriate combination of quantum gates leading to a desired quantum circuit. Deep expert knowledge is necessary to discover effective combinations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-17 Bodo Rosenhahn , Tobias J. Osborne

Neural network quantum state (NNQS) has emerged as a promising candidate for quantum many-body problems, but its practical applications are often hindered by the high cost of sampling and local energy calculation. We develop a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-02 Yangjun Wu , Chu Guo , Yi Fan , Pengyu Zhou , Honghui Shang

Quantum process tomography (QPT) is a fundamental tool for fully characterizing quantum systems. It relies on querying a set of quantum states as input to the quantum process. Previous QPT methods typically employ a straightforward strategy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Jiaqi Yang , Xiaohua Xu , Wei Xie