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The possibility for quantum and classical communication to coexist on the same fibre is important for deployment and widespread adoption of quantum key distribution (QKD) and, more generally, a future quantum internet. While coexistence has…

Current technological progress is driving Quantum Key Distribution towards a commercial and world widescale expansion. Its capability to deliver unconditionally secure communication will be a fundamental feature in the next generations of…

With the rapid deployment of quantum computers and quantum satellites, there is a pressing need to design and deploy quantum and hybrid classical-quantum networks capable of exchanging classical information. In this context, we conduct the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-29 Indrakshi Dey , Harun Siljak , Nicola Marchetti

Classical-quantum coexistence enables cost-effective transmission of data and quantum signals over the same fiber-optic channel. Nevertheless, weak quantum-key distribution (QKD) signals are susceptible to non-linear interference generated…

Quantum networking allows the transmission of information in ways unavailable in the classical world. Single packets of information can now be split and transmitted in a coherent way over different routes. This aggregation allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-25 Nicolo Lo Piparo , Michael Hanks , Kae Nemoto , William J. Munro

We introduce a new concept of Quantum Wrapper Networking, which enables control, management, and operation of quantum networks that can co-exist with classical networks while keeping the requirements for quantum networks intact. The quantum…

Hybrid quantum-classical neural networks represent a promising frontier in the search for improved machine learning models. This thesis explores the integration of quantum layers within classical convolutional neural network architectures,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Silvie Illésová

We examine the applicability of wireless indoor quantum key distribution (QKD) in hybrid quantum-classical networks. We propose practical configurations that would enable wireless access to such networks. The proposed setups would allow an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-16 Osama Elmabrok , Masoud Ghalaii , Mohsen Razavi

Classical communication is the basis for many of our current and future technologies, such as mobile phones, video conferences, autonomous vehicles and particularly the internet. In contrast, quantum communication is governed by the laws of…

The potential synergy between quantum communications and future wireless communication systems is explored. By proposing a quantum-native or quantum-by-design philosophy, the survey examines technologies such as quantumdomain (QD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-30 Xiaolin Zhou , Anqi Shen , Shuyan Hu , Wei Ni , Xin Wang , Ekram Hossain

As practical quantum networks prepare to serve an ever-expanding number of nodes, there has grown a need for advanced auxiliary classical systems that support the quantum protocols and maintain compatibility with the existing fiber-optic…

Recently, quantum computing has gained attention in urban studies as a tool for complex transport planning problems, but its role remains unclear. This paper reviews quantum computing research in urban transport planning and highlights…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Junxiang Xu , Chence Niu , Divya Jayakumar Nair , Vinayak Dixit

In a world where Quantum Networks are rapidly becoming a reality, the development of the Quantum Internet is gaining increasing interest. Nevertheless, modern quantum networks are still in the early stages of development and have limited…

The Quantum Internet is envisioned as the final stage of the quantum revolution, opening fundamentally new communications and computing capabilities, including the distributed quantum computing. But the Quantum Internet is governed by the…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) generates symmetric keys between two remote parties, and guarantees the keys not accessible to any third party. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) between QKD and classical optical communications by…

Artificial Intelligence (AI), with its multiplier effect and wide applications in multiple areas, could potentially be an important application of quantum computing. Since modern AI systems are often built on neural networks, the design of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-27 Peiyong Wang , Casey. R. Myers , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg , Udaya Parampalli

Quantum computers will change the cryptographic panorama. A technology once believed to lay far away into the future is increasingly closer to real world applications. Quantum computers will break the algorithms used in our public key…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Alejandro Aguado , Victor Lopez , Diego Lopez , Momtchil Peev , Andreas Poppe , Antonio Pastor , Jesus Folgueira , Vicente Martiin

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides an attractive means for securing communications in optical fibre networks. However, deployment of the technology has been hampered by the frequent need for dedicated dark fibres to segregate the very…

In this paper, we study the feasibility of conducting quantum key distribution (QKD) together with classical communication through the same optical fiber by employing dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) technology at telecom…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Bing Qi , Wen Zhu , Li Qian , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Recent progress in applying complex network theory to problems in quantum information has resulted in a beneficial crossover. Complex network methods have successfully been applied to transport and entanglement models while information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Jacob Biamonte , Mauro Faccin , Manlio De Domenico