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The rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) based systems is already offering substantial benefits to the society as a whole. However, these systems may also enclose potential conflicts and unintended consequences. Notably, people will tend…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Pedro Fernandes , Francisco C. Santos , Manuel Lopes

Disagreements are widespread across the design, evaluation, and alignment pipelines of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Yet, standard practices in AI development often obscure or eliminate disagreement, resulting in an engineered…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Sina Fazelpour , Will Fleisher

The popularisation of applying AI in businesses poses significant challenges relating to ethical principles, governance, and legal compliance. Although businesses have embedded AI into their day-to-day processes, they lack a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Haocheng Lin

The rapid uptake of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education is reshaping assessment practices and intensifying concerns around academic integrity, fairness, and learning quality. While institutional responses…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ndidi Bianca Ogbo , Zhao Song , Shatha Ghareeb , The Anh Han

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) is based on seven technical requirements sustained over three main pillars that should be met throughout the system's entire life cycle: it should be (1) lawful, (2) ethical, and (3) robust, both…

The discourse on responsible artificial intelligence (AI) regulation is understandably dominated by risk-focused assessments and analyses. This approach reflects the fundamental uncertainty policymakers face when determining appropriate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Willem Fourie

Solving the AI alignment problem requires having clear, defensible values towards which AI systems can align. Currently, targets for alignment remain underspecified and do not seem to be built from a philosophically robust structure. We…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Betty Li Hou , Brian Patrick Green

Human computer interaction is shifting from screen-based systems to multimodal interfaces where artificial intelligence powered systems increasingly interpret user intent through speech, gesture, and gaze. Yet users rarely understand how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ankur Bhatt , Sven Mayer

The conceptual framework proposed in this paper centers on the development of a deliberative moral reasoning system - one designed to process complex moral situations by generating, filtering, and weighing normative arguments drawn from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 David-Doron Yaacov

While much research in artificial intelligence (AI) has focused on scaling capabilities, the accelerating pace of development makes countervailing work on producing harmless, "aligned" systems increasingly urgent. Yet research on alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Dani Roytburg , Beck Miller

As the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing many fields and industries, there are concerns about AI systems making decisions and recommendations without adequately considering various ethical aspects, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Conrad Sanderson , Qinghua Lu , David Douglas , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Jon Whittle

In high-stakes AI-supported decisions, considerations are not purely technical but involve moral judgments about fairness, responsibility, and harm. While prior research has focused mainly on functional or behavioral alignment, this paper…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Christiane Ernst , Luis Gutmann , Domenique Zipperling , Kathrin Figl , Niklas Kühl

As artificial intelligence scales, the concepts of alignment, agency, and autonomy have become central to AI safety, governance, and control. However, even in human contexts, these terms lack universal definitions, varying across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Krti Tallam

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical societal domains has amplified concerns about fairness, particularly regarding unequal treatment across sensitive attributes such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Munshi Mahbubur Rahman , Shimei Pan , James R. Foulds

Large-scale language technologies are increasingly used in various forms of communication with humans across different contexts. One particular use case for these technologies is conversational agents, which output natural language text in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Atoosa Kasirzadeh , Iason Gabriel

The more AI agents are deployed in scenarios with possibly unexpected situations, the more they need to be flexible, adaptive, and creative in achieving the goal we have given them. Thus, a certain level of freedom to choose the best path…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Francesca Rossi , Nicholas Mattei

Big models have greatly advanced AI's ability to understand, generate, and manipulate information and content, enabling numerous applications. However, as these models become increasingly integrated into everyday life, their inherent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xiting Wang , Xing Xie

While autonomous agents often surpass humans in their ability to handle vast and complex data, their potential misalignment (i.e., lack of transparency regarding their true objective) has thus far hindered their use in critical applications…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Frédéric Berdoz , Roger Wattenhofer

AI ethics is an emerging field with multiple, competing narratives about how to best solve the problem of building human values into machines. Two major approaches are focused on bias and compliance, respectively. But neither of these ideas…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Thomas Krendl Gilbert , Megan Welle Brozek , Andrew Brozek

An intelligent agent may in general pursue multiple procedural goals simultaneously, which may lead to arise some conflicts (incompatibilities) among them. In this paper, we focus on the incompatibilities that emerge due to resources…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Mariela Morveli-Espinoza , Ayslan Possebom , Cesar Augusto Tacla