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Uncertainty estimation is an essential step in the evaluation of the robustness for deep learning models in computer vision, especially when applied in risk-sensitive areas. However, most state-of-the-art deep learning models either fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Lu Mi , Hao Wang , Yonglong Tian , Hao He , Nir Shavit

A commonly-cited reason for the poor performance of automatic chord estimation (ACE) systems within music information retrieval (MIR) is that non-chord tones (i.e., notes outside the supporting harmony) contribute to error during the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Tianxue Hu , Claire Arthur

This article describes a multivariate polynomial regression method where the uncertainty of the input parameters are approximated with Gaussian distributions, derived from the central limit theorem for large weighted sums, directly from the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-04 Peter Kovesarki , Ian C. Brock

Computer models are commonly used to represent a wide range of real systems, but they often involve some unknown parameters. Estimating the parameters by collecting physical data becomes essential in many scientific fields, ranging from…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-27 Chih-Li Sung , Beau David Barber , Berkley J. Walker

Accurate uncertainty estimation is a critical challenge in open-set recognition, where a probe biometric sample may belong to an unknown identity. It can be addressed through sample quality estimation via probabilistic embeddings. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Leonid Erlygin , Alexey Zaytsev

A simple approach to obtaining uncertainty-aware neural networks for regression is to do Bayesian linear regression (BLR) on the representation from the last hidden layer. Recent work [Riquelme et al., 2018, Azizzadenesheli et al., 2018]…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 John Moberg , Lennart Svensson , Juliano Pinto , Henk Wymeersch

Most work on musical score models (a.k.a. musical language models) for music transcription has focused on describing the local sequential dependence of notes in musical scores and failed to capture their global repetitive structure, which…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Eita Nakamura , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

The examination of uncertainty in the predictions of machine learning (ML) models is receiving increasing attention. One uncertainty modeling technique used for this purpose is Monte-Carlo (MC)-Dropout, where repeated predictions are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Florian Heidecker , Ahmad El-Khateeb , Bernhard Sick

In stochastic simulation, input uncertainty refers to the output variability arising from the statistical noise in specifying the input models. This uncertainty can be measured by a variance contribution in the output, which, in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-20 Henry Lam , Huajie Qian

In statistical inference, uncertainty is unknown and all models are wrong. That is to say, a person who makes a statistical model and a prior distribution is simultaneously aware that both are fictional candidates. To study such cases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Sumio Watanabe

We study aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty estimation in a learned regressive system dynamics model. Disentangling aleatoric uncertainty (the inherent randomness of the system) from epistemic uncertainty (the lack of data) is crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Zhiyu An , Zhibo Hou , Wan Du

The uncertainty measurement of classifiers' predictions is especially important in applications such as medical diagnoses that need to ensure limited human resources can focus on the most uncertain predictions returned by machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Xuchao Zhang , Fanglan Chen , Chang-Tien Lu , Naren Ramakrishnan

Nonparametric estimation of a mixing distribution based on data coming from a mixture model is a challenging problem. Beyond estimation, there is interest in uncertainty quantification, e.g., confidence intervals for features of the mixing…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-14 Vaidehi Dixit , Ryan Martin

Assessing response quality to instructions in language models is vital but challenging due to the complexity of human language across different contexts. This complexity often results in ambiguous or inconsistent interpretations, making…

We address the problem of uncertainty quantification and propose measures of total, aleatoric, and epistemic uncertainty based on a known decomposition of (strictly) proper scoring rules, a specific type of loss function, into a divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Paul Hofman , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

Uncertainty modeling in speaker representation aims to learn the variability present in speech utterances. While the conventional cosine-scoring is computationally efficient and prevalent in speaker recognition, it lacks the capability to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Qiongqiong Wang , Kong Aik Lee

Although neural networks are powerful function approximators, the underlying modelling assumptions ultimately define the likelihood and thus the hypothesis class they are parameterizing. In classification, these assumptions are minimal as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Maria R. Cervera , Rafael Dätwyler , Francesco D'Angelo , Hamza Keurti , Benjamin F. Grewe , Christian Henning

Uncertainty estimation has been extensively studied in recent literature, which can usually be classified as aleatoric uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty. In current aleatoric uncertainty estimation frameworks, it is often neglected that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Jing Zhang , Yuchao Dai , Mehrtash Harandi , Yiran Zhong , Nick Barnes , Richard Hartley

Research in neural networks in the field of computer vision has achieved remarkable accuracy for point estimation. However, the uncertainty in the estimation is rarely addressed. Uncertainty quantification accompanied by point estimation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Min-hwan Oh , Peder A. Olsen , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy

Predictions made by deep learning models are prone to data perturbations, adversarial attacks, and out-of-distribution inputs. To build a trusted AI system, it is therefore critical to accurately quantify the prediction uncertainties. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Hanjing Wang , Dhiraj Joshi , Shiqiang Wang , Qiang Ji