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Transformers have achieved great success across a wide range of applications, yet the theoretical foundations underlying their success remain largely unexplored. To demystify the strong capacities of transformers applied to versatile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Chenyang Zhang , Qingyue Zhao , Quanquan Gu , Yuan Cao

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. To reduce the quadratic computation complexity caused by each query attending to all keys/values, various methods have constrained the range of attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Kai Liu , Tianyi Wu , Cong Liu , Guodong Guo

The field of self-supervised 3D representation learning has emerged as a promising solution to alleviate the challenge presented by the scarcity of extensive, well-annotated datasets. However, it continues to be hindered by the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yunsong Wang , Na Zhao , Gim Hee Lee

Evaluating lesion progression and treatment response via longitudinal lesion tracking plays a critical role in clinical practice. Automated approaches for this task are motivated by prohibitive labor costs and time consumption when lesion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Wen Tang , Han Kang , Haoyue Zhang , Pengxin Yu , Corey W. Arnold , Rongguo Zhang

Pretraining plays a pivotal role in acquiring generalized knowledge from large-scale data, achieving remarkable successes as evidenced by large models in CV and NLP. However, progress in the graph domain remains limited due to fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yu Song , Haitao Mao , Jiachen Xiao , Jingzhe Liu , Zhikai Chen , Wei Jin , Carl Yang , Jiliang Tang , Hui Liu

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has witnessed a transformative leap with the advent of transformer-based architectures, which have significantly enhanced the ability of machines to understand and generate human-like text. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Tianhao Wu , Yu Wang , Ngoc Quach

Pre-trained models learn general representations from large datsets which can be fine-turned for specific tasks to significantly reduce training time. Pre-trained models like generative pretrained transformers (GPT), bidirectional encoder…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Linhan Xia , Yicheng Yang , Ziou Chen , Zheng Yang , Shengxin Zhu

Domain generalization aims to train models on multiple source domains so that they can generalize well to unseen target domains. Among many domain generalization methods, Fourier-transform-based domain generalization methods have gained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-14 Hongyi Pan , Bin Wang , Zheyuan Zhang , Xin Zhu , Debesh Jha , Ahmet Enis Cetin , Concetto Spampinato , Ulas Bagci

Deep learning has delivered its powerfulness in many application domains, especially in image and speech recognition. As the backbone of deep learning, deep neural networks (DNNs) consist of multiple layers of various types with hundreds to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Sheng Lin , Ning Liu , Mahdi Nazemi , Hongjia Li , Caiwen Ding , Yanzhi Wang , Massoud Pedram

We present Generalizable NeRF Transformer (GNT), a transformer-based architecture that reconstructs Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) and learns to renders novel views on the fly from source views. While prior works on NeRFs optimize a scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Mukund Varma T , Peihao Wang , Xuxi Chen , Tianlong Chen , Subhashini Venugopalan , Zhangyang Wang

Conventional machine learning algorithms have traditionally been designed under the assumption that input data follows a vector-based format, with an emphasis on vector-centric paradigms. However, as the demand for tasks involving set-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Masanari Kimura , Ryotaro Shimizu , Yuki Hirakawa , Ryosuke Goto , Yuki Saito

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on Transformers excel at text processing, but their reliance on prompts for specialized behavior introduces computational overhead. We propose a modification to a Transformer architecture that eliminates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Andrey Zhmoginov , Jihwan Lee , Max Vladymyrov , Mark Sandler

There is evidence that transformers offer state-of-the-art recognition performance on tasks involving overhead imagery (e.g., satellite imagery). However, it is difficult to make unbiased empirical comparisons between competing deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Francesco Luzi , Aneesh Gupta , Leslie Collins , Kyle Bradbury , Jordan Malof

This paper studies the cosine as basis function for the approximation of univariate and continuous functions without memory. This work studies a supervised learning to obtain the approximation coefficients, instead of using the Discrete…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-28 Ana I. Pérez-Neira , Marc Martinez-Gost , Miguel Ángel Lagunas

Recent studies have highlighted the limitations of message-passing based graph neural networks (GNNs), e.g., limited model expressiveness, over-smoothing, over-squashing, etc. To alleviate these issues, Graph Transformers (GTs) have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Qiheng Mao , Zemin Liu , Chenghao Liu , Jianling Sun

Despite some successful applications of goal-driven navigation, existing deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based approaches notoriously suffers from poor data efficiency issue. One of the reasons is that the goal information is decoupled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Wenhui Huang , Yanxin Zhou , Xiangkun He , Chen Lv

At present, the mechanisms of in-context learning in Transformers are not well understood and remain mostly an intuition. In this paper, we suggest that training Transformers on auto-regressive objectives is closely related to…

The large variety of Fourier transforms in geometric algebras inspired the straight forward definition of ``A General Geometric Fourier Transform`` in Bujack et al., Proc. of ICCA9, covering most versions in the literature. We showed which…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Roxana Bujack , Gerik Scheuermann , Eckhard Hitzer

Transformer-based language models create hidden representations of their inputs at every layer, but only use final-layer representations for prediction. This obscures the internal decision-making process of the model and the utility of its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Alexander Yom Din , Taelin Karidi , Leshem Choshen , Mor Geva

Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) are widely used to reduce memory and computational costs in deep learning. However, existing implementations, including standard FFT and real FFT (rFFT), cannot achieve true in-place computation. In particular,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xinyu Ding , Bangtian Liu , Siyu Liao , Zhongfeng Wang