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A novel fabrication method for soft x-ray transmission grating and other optical elements is presented. The method uses Focused-Ion-Beam (FIB) technology to fabricate high-quality free standing grating bars on Transmission Electron…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-05 G. Hurvitz , Y. Ehrlich , G. Strum , Z. Shpilman , I. Levy , M. Fraenkel

Understanding how laser light scatters from realistic mirror surfaces is crucial for the design, com- missioning and operation of precision interferometers, such as the current and next generation of gravitational-wave detectors. Numerical…

Optics · Physics 2016-01-20 Daniel Brown , Rory Smith , Andreas Freise

A generic computational imaging setup is considered which assumes sequential illumination of a semi-transparent object by an arbitrary set of structured illumination patterns. For each incident illumination pattern, all transmitted light is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-23 T. E. Gureyev , D. M. Paganin , A. Kozlov , Ya. I. Nesterets , H. M. Quiney

Global illumination (GI) is essential for realistic rendering but remains computationally expensive due to the complexity of simulating indirect light transport. Recent neural methods have mainly relied on per-scene optimization, sometimes…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Bing Xu , Mukund Varma T , Cheng Wang , Tzumao Li , Lifan Wu , Bartlomiej Wronski , Ravi Ramamoorthi , Marco Salvi

Visual inspection of x-ray scattering images is a powerful technique for probing the physical structure of materials at the molecular scale. In this paper, we explore the use of deep learning to develop methods for automatically analyzing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Boyu Wang , Kevin Yager , Dantong Yu , Minh Hoai

Incoherent Diffraction Imaging - IDI - is a diffraction-based imaging technique that has been recently proposed to exploit the partial coherence of incoherently scattered light to retrieve structural information from the scattering centers.…

Ghost imaging (GI) is an unconventional technique that combines information from two correlated patterned light fields to compute an image of the object of interest. GI can be performed with visible light as well as penetrating radiation…

The analysis of optical images of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lensing systems can provide important information about the distribution of dark matter at small scales. However, the modeling and statistical analysis of these images is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-30 Adam Coogan , Konstantin Karchev , Christoph Weniger

Modelling the scattering of focused, coherent light by nano-scale structures is oftentimes used to reconstruct or infer geometrical or material properties of structures under investigation in optical scatterometry. This comprises both…

The present work is essentially focused on the study of optical and structural properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films (a-Si:H) prepared by radio-frequency cathodic sputtering. We examine separately the influence of hydrogen…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Barhdadi , M. Chafik El Idrissi

Hydride precipitation in niobium-based, superconducting circuits is a damaging side-effect of hydrofluoric acid treatments used to clean and thin the Nb surface oxides and Si oxides. The precipitate microstructure is difficult to probe…

We demonstrate a motion-free intensity diffraction tomography technique that enables direct inversion of 3D phase and absorption from intensity-only measurements for weakly scattering samples. We derive a novel linear forward model,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-26 Ruilong Ling , Waleed Tahir , Hsing-Ying Lin , Hakho Lee , Lei Tian

This paper introduces an innovative imaging method using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) by combining radar coincidence imaging (RCI) and computational imaging techniques. In the proposed framework, RISs simultaneously redirect…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Kavian Zirak , Mohammadreza F. Imani

We describe a self calibrating optical technique that allows to perform absolute measurements of scattering cross sections for the light scattered at extremely small angles. Very good performances are obtained by using a very simple optical…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-10 Doriano Brogioli , Alberto Vailati , Marzio Giglio

The influence of edge roughness in angle resolved scatterometry at periodically structured surfaces is investigated. A good description of the radiation interaction with structured surfaces is crucial for the understanding of optical…

Optics · Physics 2012-09-11 A. Kato , S. Burger , F. Scholze

Ghost imaging (GI) forms images from intensity-correlation data collected by a single-pixel detector, decoupling illumination and sensing. Since its quantum-photon origins, the technique has evolved through classical pseudothermal,…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-17 Tong Tian , Sukyoon Oh , Christian Spielmann

3D reconstruction and relighting of objects made from scattering materials present a significant challenge due to the complex light transport beneath the surface. 3D Gaussian Splatting introduced high-quality novel view synthesis at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jan-Niklas Dihlmann , Arjun Majumdar , Andreas Engelhardt , Raphael Braun , Hendrik P. A. Lensch

A new approach to analyzing visual images is proposed, based on the idea of converting an optical image into a spatially varying pattern of polarized squeezed light, which is then used to produce a pattern of chiral edge currents in a thin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 George Chapline , Jonathan L DuBois

Grazing incidence fast atom diffraction (GIFAD, or FAD) has developed as a surface sensitive technique. GIFAD is less sensitive to thermal decoherence but more demanding in terms of surface coherence, the mean distance between defects. Such…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Maxime Debiossac , Philippe Roncin

In the present study we compare a structure of a Langmuir film assembled from magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on water surface and a structure of the same film after its transfer to a solid substrate by the Langmuir-Schaefer method. In…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-01-29 V. Ukleev , A. Khassanov , I. Snigireva , O. Konovalov , A. Vorobiev