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Software-implementation, via neural networks, of brain-inspired computing approaches underlie many important modern-day computational tasks, from image processing to speech recognition, artificial intelligence and deep learning…

Optics · Physics 2021-02-19 J. Feldmann , N. Youngblood , C. D. Wright , H. Bhaskaran , W. H. P. Pernice

All-optical image processing offers a high-speed, energy-efficient alternative to conventional electronic systems by leveraging the wave nature of light for parallel computation. However, traditional optical processors rely on bulky…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-17 Linzhi Yu , Haobijam J. Singh , Jesse Pietila , Humeyra Caglayan

The escalating data volume and complexity resulting from the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT) and 5G/6G mobile networks is creating an urgent need for energy-efficient, scalable computing hardware.…

An emerging generative artificial intelligence (AI) based on neural networks starts to grow in popularity with a revolutionizing capability of creating new and original content. As giant generative models with millions to billions of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Shuang Zheng , Jiawei Zhang , Weifeng Zhang

Research in photonic computing has flourished due to the proliferation of optoelectronic components on photonic integration platforms. Photonic integrated circuits have enabled ultrafast artificial neural networks, providing a framework for…

Optical flow, inspired by the mechanisms of biological visual systems, calculates spatial motion vectors within visual scenes that are necessary for enabling robotics to excel in complex and dynamic working environments. However, current…

Optical neural networks (ONNs), or optical neuromorphic hardware accelerators, have the potential to dramatically enhance the computing power and energy efficiency of mainstream electronic processors, due to their ultralarge bandwidths of…

The widespread adoption of machine learning and other matrix intensive computing algorithms has inspired renewed interest in analog optical computing, which has the potential to perform large-scale matrix multiplications with superior…

A computer's clock rate ultimately determines the minimum time between sequential operations or instructions. Despite exponential advances in electronic computer performance owing to Moore's Law and increasingly parallel system…

Neural networks have proven effective for solving many difficult computational problems. Implementing complex neural networks in software is very computationally expensive. To explore the limits of information processing, it will be…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-04-20 Jeffrey M. Shainline , Sonia M. Buckley , Richard P. Mirin , Sae Woo Nam

We show optical waves passing through a nanophotonic medium can perform artificial neural computing. Complex information, is encoded in the wave front of an input light. The medium transforms the wave front to realize sophisticated…

Optics · Physics 2019-06-11 Erfan Khoram , Ang Chen , Dianjing Liu , Lei Ying , Qiqi Wang , Ming yuan , Zongfu Yu

Any large-scale spiking neuromorphic system striving for complexity at the level of the human brain and beyond will need to be co-optimized for communication and computation. Such reasoning leads to the proposal for optoelectronic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Bryce A. Primavera , Jeffrey M. Shainline

Conventional integrated circuits (ICs) struggle to meet the escalating demands of artificial intelligence (AI). This has sparked a renewed interest in an unconventional computing paradigm: neuromorphic (brain-inspired) computing. However,…

Optical computing uses photons as information carriers, opening up the possibility for ultrahigh-speed and ultrawide-band information processing. Integrated all-optical logic devices are indispensible core components of optical computing…

Optics · Physics 2013-09-19 Cuicui Lu , Xiaoyong Hu , Hong Yang , Qihuang Gong

The proliferation of deep learning applications has intensified the demand for electronic hardware with low energy consumption and fast computing speed. Neuromorphic photonics have emerged as a viable alternative to directly process…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Guangfeng You , Chao Qian , Hongsheng Chen

Optical neural networks promise ultrafast, low-energy information processing by performing computation directly with photons. Current implementations, however, are largely restricted to steady-state operation and rely on high-latency…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Jiande Cao , Yexiong Zeng , Franco Nori , Ze-Liang Xiang

This paper introduces the concept of on-chip temporal optical computing, based on dispersive Fourier transform and suitably designed modulation module, to perform mathematical operations of interest, such as differentiation, integration, or…

Optics · Physics 2017-12-19 Hossein Babashah , Zahra Kavehvash , Amin Khavasi , Somayyeh Koohi

Optics and photonics has recently captured interest as a platform to accelerate linear matrix processing, that has been deemed as a bottleneck in traditional digital electronic architectures. In this paper, we propose an all-photonic…

We introduce a novel all-optical platform in multimode and multicore fibres. By using a low-power probe beam and a high-power counter-propagating control beam, we achieve advanced and dynamic control over light propagation within the…

Efficient machine learning inference is essential for the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence across various domains.On-chip optical computing has emerged as a transformative solution for accelerating machine learning tasks, owing to…

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