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Quantum computers threaten widely deployed cryptographic primitives such as RSA, DSA, and ECC. While NIST has released post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) standards (e.g., Kyber, Dilithium), mobile app ecosystems remain largely unprepared for…
In recent years, quantum computers and Shor quantum algorithm have posed a threat to current mainstream asymmetric cryptography methods (e.g. RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)). Therefore, it is necessary to construct a Post-Quantum…
The August 2024 finalisation of FIPS 203 (ML-KEM), FIPS 204 (ML-DSA), and FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA) closed the algorithmic gap in post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The production gap -- hybrid combiners, versioned key formats, protocol helpers, and…
The rise of quantum computers exposes vulnerabilities in current public key cryptographic protocols, necessitating the development of secure post-quantum (PQ) schemes. Hence, we conduct a comprehensive study on various PQ approaches,…
Quantum resistance is vital for emerging cryptographic systems as quantum technologies continue to advance towards large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers. Resistance may be offered by quantum key distribution (QKD), which provides…
The emergence of quantum computers poses a significant threat to current secure service, application and/or protocol implementations that rely on RSA and ECDSA algorithms, for instance DNSSEC, because public-key cryptography based on number…
Quantum computing poses a significant global threat to today's security mechanisms. As a result, security experts and public sectors have issued guidelines to help organizations migrate their software to post-quantum cryptography (PQC).…
Since the security of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms is based on the hardness of mathematical problems, while the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) relies on the fundamental principles of quantum physics, each approach…
As quantum technologies advance, the security of popular cryptographic protocols becomes more threatened by the capabilities of Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers (CRQCs). In this scenario, Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) has…
Due to recent development in quantum computing, the invention of a large quantum computer is no longer a distant future. Quantum computing severely threatens modern cryptography, as the hard mathematical problems beneath classic public-key…
The advent of quantum computing poses significant threats to classical public-key cryptographic primitives such as RSA and elliptic-curve cryptography. As many critical network and security protocols depend on these primitives for key…
This paper presents a novel post-quantum cryptosystem based on high-memory masked convolutional codes. Unlike conventional code-based schemes that rely on block codes with fixed dimensions and limited error-correction capability, our…
Quantum computing is emerging as a significant threat to information protected by widely used cryptographic systems. Cryptographic methods, once deemed secure for decades, are now at risk of being compromised, posing a massive threat to the…
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) must secure large-scale communication systems against quantum adversaries where classical hardness alone is insufficient and purely quantum schemes remain impractical. Lattice-based key encapsulation…
This survey is on forward-looking, emerging security concerns in post-quantum era, i.e., the implementation attacks for 2022 winners of NIST post-quantum cryptography (PQC) competition and thus the visions, insights, and discussions can be…
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is becoming essential for securing Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT (IIoT) systems against quantum-enabled adversaries. However, existing evaluation approaches primarily focus on isolated…
Networks such as the Internet are essential for our connected world. Quantum computing poses a threat to this heterogeneous infrastructure since it threatens fundamental security mechanisms. Therefore, a migration to…
Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) readiness is increasingly constrained not by algorithm availability, but by cryptographic visibility, dependency complexity, and fragmented governance. This paper presents an anonymised case study of a large…
As quantum computing technology continues to advance, post-quantum cryptographic methods capable of resisting quantum attacks have emerged as a critical area of focus. Given the potential vulnerability of existing homomorphic encryption…
The traditional way for a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) user to join a quantum network is by authenticating themselves using pre-shared key material. While this approach is sufficient for small-scale networks, it becomes impractical as the…