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The rapid growth of research in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) follows on two substantial developments. First, the enormous application success of modern machine learning methods, especially deep and reinforcement learning, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-06 S. Atakishiyev , H. Babiker , N. Farruque , R. Goebel1 , M-Y. Kima , M. H. Motallebi , J. Rabelo , T. Syed , O. R. Zaïane

Due to the proliferation of short-form content and the rapid adoption of AI, opportunities for deep, reflective thinking have significantly diminished, undermining users' critical thinking and reducing engagement with the reasoning behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Seunghyun Yoo

With the long term accumulation of high quality educational data, artificial intelligence has shown excellent performance in knowledge tracing. However, due to the lack of interpretability and transparency of some algorithms, this approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Yanhong Bai , Jiabao Zhao , Tingjiang Wei , Qing Cai , Liang He

Deep learning has become the dominant approach for creating high capacity, scalable models across diverse data modalities. However, because these models rely on a large number of learned parameters, tightly couple feature extraction with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Adam Gould , Francesca Toni

Deep learning methods are highly accurate, yet their opaque decision process prevents them from earning full human trust. Concept-based models aim to address this issue by learning tasks based on a set of human-understandable concepts.…

Developers' API needs should be more pragmatic, such as seeking suggestive, explainable, and extensible APIs rather than the so-called best result. Existing API search research cannot meet these pragmatic needs because they are solely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Qing Huang , Zishuai Li , Zhenchang Xing , Zhengkang Zuo , Xin Peng , Xiwei Xu , Qinghua Lu

Huge language models (LMs) have ushered in a new era for AI, serving as a gateway to natural-language-based knowledge tasks. Although an essential element of modern AI, LMs are also inherently limited in a number of ways. We discuss these…

We present a novel language representation model enhanced by knowledge called ERNIE (Enhanced Representation through kNowledge IntEgration). Inspired by the masking strategy of BERT, ERNIE is designed to learn language representation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Yu Sun , Shuohuan Wang , Yukun Li , Shikun Feng , Xuyi Chen , Han Zhang , Xin Tian , Danxiang Zhu , Hao Tian , Hua Wu

As question answering (QA) systems advance alongside the rapid evolution of foundation models, the need for robust, adaptable, and large-scale evaluation benchmarks becomes increasingly critical. Traditional QA benchmarks are often static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu , Himanshu Naidu , Chirag Shah

Concept-based explainable AI is promising as a tool to improve the understanding of complex models at the premises of a given user, viz.\ as a tool for personalized explainability. An important class of concept-based explainability methods…

The European Union (EU) through the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI-HLEG) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has recently posed an interesting challenge to the eXplainable AI (XAI) community, by…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Francesco Sovrano , Fabio Vitali , Monica Palmirani

Explainability and interpretability are cornerstones of frontier and next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) systems. This is especially true in recent systems, such as large language models (LLMs), and more broadly, generative AI. On…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Chris Davis Jaldi , Anmol Saini , Elham Ghiasi , O. Divine Eziolise , Cogan Shimizu

Deep knowledge analysis tasks always involve the systematic extraction and association of knowledge from large volumes of data, followed by logical reasoning to discover insights. However, to solve such complex tasks, existing deep research…

While the increased integration of AI technologies into interactive systems enables them to solve an increasing number of tasks, the black-box problem of AI models continues to spread throughout the interactive system as a whole.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sebe Vanbrabant , Gustavo Rovelo Ruiz , Davy Vanacken

The predominant approach to visual question answering (VQA) relies on encoding the image and question with a "black-box" neural encoder and decoding a single token as the answer like "yes" or "no". Despite this approach's strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Weixin Liang , Feiyang Niu , Aishwarya Reganti , Govind Thattai , Gokhan Tur

Entity alignment (EA) aims to merge two knowledge graphs (KGs) by identifying equivalent entity pairs. Existing methods can be categorized into symbolic and neural models. Symbolic models, while precise, struggle with substructure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shengyuan Chen , Zheng Yuan , Qinggang Zhang , Wen Hua , Jiannong Cao , Xiao Huang

We present a novel framework that bridges the gap between the interpretability of decision trees and the advanced reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to predict startup success. Our approach leverages chain-of-thought…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Jack Preuveneers , Joseph Ternasky , Fuat Alican , Yigit Ihlamur

Recent advances in AI reasoning models provide unprecedented transparency into their decision-making processes, transforming them from traditional black-box systems into models that articulate step-by-step chains of thought rather than…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Christoph Treude , Raula Gaikovina Kula

As machine learning systems increasingly inform critical decisions, the need for human-understandable explanations grows. Current evaluations of Explainable AI (XAI) often prioritize technical fidelity over cognitive accessibility which…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Tobias Labarta , Nhi Hoang , Katharina Weitz , Wojciech Samek , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Leander Weber

The need for interpretable and accountable intelligent systems grows along with the prevalence of artificial intelligence applications used in everyday life. Explainable intelligent systems are designed to self-explain the reasoning behind…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Sina Mohseni , Niloofar Zarei , Eric D. Ragan
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