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Rigorous statistical methods, including parameter estimation with accompanying uncertainties, underpin the validity of scientific discovery, especially in the natural sciences. With increasingly complex data models such as deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Aurora Grefsrud , Nello Blaser , Trygve Buanes

Digital systems find it challenging to keep up with cybersecurity threats. The daily emergence of more than 560,000 new malware strains poses significant hazards to the digital ecosystem. The traditional malware detection methods fail to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Abrar Fahim , Shamik Dey , Md. Nurul Absur , Md Kamrul Siam , Md. Tahmidul Huque , Jafreen Jafor Godhuli

Intrusion detection has been a key topic in the field of cyber security, and the common network threats nowadays have the characteristics of varieties and variation. Considering the serious imbalance of intrusion detection datasets will…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Zhewei Chen , Wenwen Yu , Linyue Zhou

In security-sensitive applications, the success of machine learning depends on a thorough vetting of their resistance to adversarial data. In one pertinent, well-motivated attack scenario, an adversary may attempt to evade a deployed system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Battista Biggio , Igino Corona , Davide Maiorca , Blaine Nelson , Nedim Srndic , Pavel Laskov , Giorgio Giacinto , Fabio Roli

This study uses stacked generalization, which is a two-step process of combining machine learning methods, called meta or super learners, for improving the performance of algorithms in step one (by minimizing the error rate of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Kathleen Kerwin , Nathaniel D. Bastian

Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning methodology where unlabeled elements/objects are grouped together aiming to the construction of well-established clusters that their elements are classified according to their similarity. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-20 Dimitrios Saligkaras , Vasileios E. Papageorgiou

The vast majority of real world classification problems are imbalanced, meaning there are far fewer data from the class of interest (the positive class) than from other classes. We propose two machine learning algorithms to handle highly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-10 Siong Thye Goh , Cynthia Rudin

The emerging wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) have brought significant improvements in electric grids' situational awareness. However, the newly introduced system can potentially increase the risk of cyber-attacks, which may be disguised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Gabriel Intriago , Yu Zhang

Ensembling is a successful technique to improve the performance of machine learning (ML) models. Conf-Ensemble is an adaptation to Boosting to create ensembles based on model confidence instead of model errors to better classify difficult…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Rafael Rosales , Peter Popov , Michael Paulitsch

Vulnerability detection is crucial to protect software security. Nowadays, deep learning (DL) is the most promising technique to automate this detection task, leveraging its superior ability to extract patterns and representations within…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yuejun Guo , Qiang Hu , Qiang Tang , Yves Le Traon

Cyberattack detection in Critical Infrastructure and Supply Chains has become challenging in Industry 4.0. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are deployed to counter the cyberattacks. However, an IDS effectively detects attacks based on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Smita Khapre

In many classification settings, the class of primary interest is underrepresented, leading to imbalanced data problems that arise in applications such as rare disease detection and fraud identification. In these contexts, identifying a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-06 Daniel Fraiman , Ricardo Fraiman

In imbalanced multi-class classification problems, the misclassification rate as an error measure may not be a relevant choice. Several methods have been developed where the performance measure retained richer information than the mere…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Sokol Koço , Cécile Capponi

Deep neural networks are highly susceptible to backdoor attacks, yet most defense methods to date rely on balanced data, overlooking the pervasive class imbalance in real-world scenarios that can amplify backdoor threats. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Miao Lin , Feng Yu , Rui Ning , Lusi Li , Jiawei Chen , Qian Lou , Mengxin Zheng , Chunsheng Xin , Hongyi Wu

Supervised deep learning methods are enjoying enormous success in many practical applications of computer vision and have the potential to revolutionize robotics. However, the marked performance degradation to biases and imbalanced data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Aadarsh Sahoo , Ankit Singh , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Abir Das

Credit scoring is vital in the financial industry, assessing the risk of lending to credit card applicants. Traditional credit scoring methods face challenges with large datasets and data imbalance between creditworthy and non-creditworthy…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Kejian Tong , Zonglin Han , Yanxin Shen , Yujian Long , Yijing Wei

In this paper, we delve into the critical aspect of dataset quality assessment in machine learning classification tasks. Leveraging a variety of nine distinct datasets, each crafted for classification tasks with varying complexity levels,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Szymon Mazurek , Maciej Wielgosz

Cyber security has grown up to be a hot issue in recent years. How to identify potential malware becomes a challenging task. To tackle this challenge, we adopt deep learning approaches and perform flow detection on real data. However, real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Yun-Chun Chen , Yu-Jhe Li , Aragorn Tseng , Tsungnan Lin

In this paper we address imbalanced binary classification (IBC) tasks. Applying resampling strategies to balance the class distribution of training instances is a common approach to tackle these problems. Many state-of-the-art methods find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Vitor Cerqueira , Luis Torgo , Paula Branco , Colin Bellinger

Security for machine learning has begun to become a serious issue for present day applications. An important question remaining is whether emerging quantum technologies will help or hinder the security of machine learning. Here we discuss a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-20 Nathan Wiebe , Ram Shankar Siva Kumar