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The Entity-Component-System (ECS) software design pattern, long used in game development, encourages a clean separation of identity (entities), data properties (components), and computational behaviors (systems). Programs written using the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Patrick Redmond , Jonathan Castello , José Manuel Calderón Trilla , Lindsey Kuper

Several well-studied online resource allocation problems can be formulated in terms of infinite, increasing sequences of positive values, in which each element is associated with a corresponding allocation value. Examples include problems…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Spyros Angelopoulos , Diogo Arsénio , Shahin Kamali

Concurrent Constraint Programming (CCP) is a simple and powerful model for concurrency where agents interact by telling and asking constraints. Since their inception, CCP-languages have been designed for having a strong connection to logic.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Elaine Pimentel , Carlos Olarte , Vivek Nigam

Link prediction is a paradigmatic and challenging problem in network science, which aims to predict missing links, future links and temporal links based on known topology. Along with the increasing number of link prediction algorithms, a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yilin Bi , Xinshan Jiao , Yan-Li Lee , Tao Zhou

Context: Software developers are increasingly facing the challenges of writing code that is not only concurrent but also correct. Objective: To help these developers, it is necessary to understand concurrency topics they are interested in,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Mehdi Bagherzadeh , Syed Ahmed , Srilakshmi Sripathi , Raffi Khatchadourian

Handling model mismatch is a common challenge in model predictive control (MPC). While robust MPC is effective, its conservatism often makes it less desirable. Certainty-equivalence MPC (CE-MPC), which uses a nominal model, offers an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Changrui Liu , Shengling Shi , Bart De Schutter

Ranking individuals based on their performance in different coalitions is a problem emerging in various domains (teams sports, scientific evaluation, argumentation, etc.). Often, for practical reasons, the number of comparable coalitions is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-19 Takahiro Suzuki , Michele Aleandri , Stefano Moretti

Based on the framework of Conformal Prediction (CP), we study the online construction of confidence sets given a black-box machine learning model. By converting the target confidence levels into quantile levels, the problem can be reduced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-23 Zhiyu Zhang , Zhou Lu , Heng Yang

This study develops a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence (AI) Index with seven primary dimensions, designed for provincial-level and industry-specific analysis. We employ an anchor point method for data normalization, using fixed upper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yuanxi Li , Lei Yin

While Artificial Intelligence has successfully outperformed humans in complex combinatorial games (such as chess and checkers), humans have retained their supremacy in social interactions that require intuition and adaptation, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-04-22 Fatimah Ishowo-Oloko , Jacob Crandall , Manuel Cebrian , Sherief Abdallah , Iyad Rahwan

Competitive tournaments appear in sports, politics, population ecology, and animal behavior. All of these fields have developed methods for rating competitors and ranking them accordingly. A tournament is intransitive if it is not…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-04 Alexander Strang , Karen C. Abbott , Peter J. Thomas

Graphical models are widely used to study complex multivariate biological systems. Network inference algorithms aim to reverse-engineer such models from noisy experimental data. It is common to assess such algorithms using techniques from…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-03-03 Chris J. Oates , Richard Amos , Simon E. F. Spencer

Supporting student success requires collaboration among multiple stakeholders. Researchers have explored machine learning models for academic performance prediction; yet key challenges remain in ensuring these models are interpretable,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Han Zhang , Yiyi Ren , Paula S. Nurius , Jennifer Mankoff , Anind K. Dey

Inductive conformal predictors (ICPs) are algorithms that are able to generate prediction sets, instead of point predictions, which are valid at a user-defined confidence level, only assuming exchangeability. These algorithms are useful for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yizirui Fang , Anthony Bellotti

Firms' algorithm development practices are often homogeneous. Whether firms train algorithms on similar data, aim at similar benchmarks, or rely on similar pre-trained models, the result is correlated predictions. We model the impact of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Nathanael Jo , Kathleen Creel , Ashia Wilson , Manish Raghavan

In the past decade, the amount of research being done in the fields of machine learning and deep learning, predominantly in the area of natural language processing (NLP), has risen dramatically. A well-liked method for developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Taha Lokat , Divyam Prajapati , Shubhada Labde

Competitive programming remains one of the last few human strongholds in coding against AI. The best AI system to date still underperforms the best humans competitive programming: the most recent best result, Google's Gemini~3 Deep Think,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 DeepReinforce Team , Xiaoya Li , Xiaofei Sun , Guoyin Wang , Songqiao Su , Chris Shum , Jiwei Li

Fairness has been a critical issue that affects the adoption of deep learning models in real practice. To improve model fairness, many existing methods have been proposed and evaluated to be effective in their own contexts. However, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junjie Yang , Jiajun Jiang , Zeyu Sun , Junjie Chen

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate as autonomous agents that reason over external APIs to perform complex tasks. However, their reliability and agreement remain poorly characterized. We present a unified benchmarking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Eyhab Al-Masri

Conformal prediction (CP) is an emerging uncertainty quantification framework that allows us to construct a prediction set to cover the true label with a pre-specified marginal or conditional probability. Although the valid coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Yuanjie Shi , Subhankar Ghosh , Taha Belkhouja , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Yan Yan