Related papers: Trichotomy and $tK_m$-goodness of sparse graphs

The Ramsey number $R(F,H)$ is the minimum number $N$ such that any $N$-vertex graph either contains a copy of $F$ or its complement contains $H$. Burr in 1981 proved a pleasingly general result that for any graph $H$, provided $n$ is…

Let $G_1$ and $G_2$ be two given graphs. The Ramsey number $R(G_1,G_2)$ is the least integer $r$ such that for every graph $G$ on $r$ vertices, either $G$ contains a $G_1$ or $\overline{G}$ contains a $G_2$. Parsons gave a recursive formula…

One of the central questions in Ramsey theory asks how small can be the size of the largest clique and independent set in a graph on $N$ vertices. By the celebrated result of Erd\H{o}s from 1947, the random graph on $N$ vertices with edge…

The Ramsey number for the pair of graphs $\mathbb{K}_{1,n}$ (star) versus $W_{m}$ (wheel) has been extensively studied. In contrast, the Ramsey number of $\mathbb{K}_{2,n}$ versus the wheel is not yet explored due to the bit more structural…

Let $r(G,H)$ be the smallest integer $N$ such that for any $2$-coloring (say, red and blue) of the edges of $K\_n$, $n\geqslant N$, there is either a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy of $H$. Let $K\_n-K\_{1,s}$ be the complete graph on $n$…

An $n$-vertex graph $G$ is locally dense if every induced subgraph of size larger than $\zeta n$ has density at least $d > 0$, for some parameters $\zeta, d > 0$. We show that the number of induced subgraphs of $G$ with $m$ vertices and…

A basic fact in spectral graph theory is that the number of connected components in an undirected graph is equal to the multiplicity of the eigenvalue zero in the Laplacian matrix of the graph. In particular, the graph is disconnected if…

We study off-diagonal Ramsey numbers $r(H, K_n^{(k)})$ of $k$-uniform hypergraphs, where $H$ is a fixed linear $k$-uniform hypergraph and $K_n^{(k)}$ is complete on $n$ vertices. Recently, Conlon et al.\ disproved the folklore conjecture…

One of the most basic results in graph theory states that every graph with at least two vertices has two vertices with the same degree. Since there are graphs without $3$ vertices of the same degree, it is natural to ask if for any fixed…

Let $H, H_{1}$ and $H_{2}$ be graphs, and let $H\rightarrow (H_{1}, H_{2})$ denote that any red-blue coloring of $E(H)$ yields a red copy of $H_{1}$ or a blue copy of $H_{2}$. The Ramsey number for $H_{1}$ versus $H_{2}$, $r(H_{1}, H_{2})$,…

A recent question in generalized Ramsey theory is that for fixed positive integers $s\leq t$, at least how many vertices can be covered by the vertices of no more than $s$ monochromatic members of the family $\cal F$ in every edge coloring…

An important question in extremal graph theory raised by Vera T. S\'os asks to determine for a given integer $t\ge 3$ and a given positive real number $\delta$ the asymptotically supremal edge density $f_t(\delta)$ that an $n$-vertex graph…

For $n\ge 5$ let $T_n'$ denote the unique tree on $n$ vertices with $\Delta(T_n')=n-2$, and let $T_n^*=(V,E)$ be the tree on $n$ vertices with $V=\{v_0,v_1,\ldots,$ $v_{n-1}\}$ and $E=\{v_0v_1,\ldots,v_0v_{n-3},$…

For simple graphs $G$ and $H$, their size Ramsey number $\hat{r}(G,H)$ is the smallest possible size of $F$ such that for any red-blue coloring of its edges, $F$ contains either a red $G$ or a blue $H$. Similarly, we can define the…

We show that for any integer $r\ge 2$, there exists a constant $c>0$ such that for every sufficiently large integer $n$, every $((r-1)n+1)$-regular graph $G$ on $rn$ vertices has at least $c2^{rn}$ subsets $S\subseteq V(G)$ such that $G[S]$…

Let the grid graph $G_{M\times N}$ denote the Cartesian product $K_M \square K_N$. For a fixed subgraph $H$ of a grid, we study the off-diagonal Ramsey number $\operatorname{gr}(H, K_k)$, which is the smallest $N$ such that any red/blue…

We show that in every two-colouring of the edges of the complete graph $K_N$ there is a monochromatic $K_k$ which can be extended in at least $(1 + o_k(1))2^{-k}N$ ways to a monochromatic $K_{k+1}$. This result is asymptotically best…

Let $G$ be a graph and $t$ a nonnegative integer. Suppose $f$ is a mapping from the vertex set of $G$ to $\{1,2,\dots, k\}$. If, for any vertex $u$ of $G$, the number of neighbors $v$ of $u$ with $f(v)=f(u)$ is less than or equal to $t$,…

We prove that for any $t\ge 3$ there exist constants $c>0$ and $n_0$ such that any $d$-regular $n$-vertex graph $G$ with $t\mid n\geq n_0$ and second largest eigenvalue in absolute value $\lambda$ satisfying $\lambda\le c d^{t}/n^{t-1}$…

Recently, Arag\~{a}o, Marciano, and Mendon\c{c}a [\emph{European J. Combin.}, 2025] conjectured that for any graph $G$ on $n$ vertices satisfying $(r-1)(t-1)k < n \le (r-1)(t-1)(k+1)$, the minimum degree condition $\delta(G) \ge n -…