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Strong (sublattice or tower) formulations of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) imply that, if a weakly coupled gauge theory exists, a tower of charged particles drives the theory to strong coupling at an ultraviolet scale well below the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-24 Ben Heidenreich , Matthew Reece , Tom Rudelius

Common features of known quantum gravity theories may hint at the general nature of quantum gravity. The absence of continuous global symmetries is one such feature. This inspired the Weak Gravity Conjecture, which bounds masses of charged…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-15 Ben Heidenreich , Matthew Reece , Tom Rudelius

The Weak Gravity Conjecture predicts that in quantum gravity there should exist overcharged states, that is states with charge larger than their mass. Extending this to large masses and charges, we are expecting similar overcharged…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-16 Alex Kehagias , Kostas D. Kokkotas , Antonio Riotto , John Taskas , George Tringas

The Weak Gravity Conjecture has recently been re-formulated in terms of a particle with non-negative self-binding energy. Because of the dual conformal field theory (CFT) formulation in the anti-de Sitter space the conformal dimension…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-19 Oleg Antipin , Jahmall Bersini , Francesco Sannino , Zhi-Wei Wang , Chen Zhang

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) was proposed to constrain Effective Field Theories (EFTs) with Abelian gauge symmetry coupled to gravity. In this article, I study the WGC from low energy observers' perspective, and revisit the issue of to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-09 Kazuyuki Furuuchi

We point out that the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) implies that sufficiently small extremal black holes are necessarily in the strong-field regime of electrodynamics, and therefore probe the UV completion of the Maxwell sector. To…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-21 Sergio Barbosa , Sylvain Fichet , Lucas de Souza

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) posits that gravity must be the weakest force in any consistent theory of quantum gravity. Originally formulated to constrain the landscape of effective field theories arising from string theory, the WGC…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-30 Gayatri Ghosh

Effective field theories consistent with quantum gravity obey surprising finiteness constraints, appearing in several distinct but interconnected forms. In this work we develop a framework that unifies these observations by proposing that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-11 Thomas W. Grimm , David Prieto , Mick van Vliet

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) bounds the mass of a particle by its charge. It is expected that this bound can not be below the ultraviolet cut-off scale of the effective theory. Recently, an extension of the WGC was proposed in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-04-04 Dieter Lust , Eran Palti

The weak gravity conjecture suggests that, in a self-consistent theory of quantum gravity, the strength of gravity is bounded from above by the strengths of the various gauge forces in the theory. In particular, this intriguing conjecture…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 Shahar Hod

The mild form of the Weak Gravity Conjecture states that quantum or higher-derivative corrections should decrease the mass of large extremal charged black holes at fixed charge. This allows extremal black holes to decay, unless protected by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-27 Lars Aalsma , Alex Cole , Gregory J. Loges , Gary Shiu

We investigate the behavior of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) under toroidal compactification and RG flows, finding evidence that WGC bounds for single photons become weaker in the infrared. By contrast, we find that a photon satisfying…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-05-18 Ben Heidenreich , Matthew Reece , Tom Rudelius

We study the effect of higher-derivative corrections on asymptotically flat, four-dimensional, non-rotating dyonic black holes in low-energy models of gravity coupled to $N$ $U(1)$ gauge fields. For large extremal black holes, the leading…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-15 Callum R. T. Jones , Brian McPeak

Weakly constrained double field theory, in the sense of Hull and Zwiebach, captures the subsector of string theory on toroidal backgrounds that includes gravity, $B$-field and dilaton together with all of their massive Kaluza-Klein and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-08 Roberto Bonezzi , Christoph Chiaffrino , Felipe Diaz-Jaramillo , Olaf Hohm

The Weak Gravity Conjecture postulates the existence of superextremal charged particles, i.e. those with mass smaller than or equal to their charge in Planck units. We present further evidence for our recent observation that in known…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-13 Ben Heidenreich , Matthew Reece , Tom Rudelius

This paper revisits the question of reconstructing bulk gauge fields as boundary operators in AdS/CFT. In the presence of the wormhole dual to the thermofield double state of two CFTs, the existence of bulk gauge fields is in some tension…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-02-17 Daniel Harlow

The black hole weak gravity conjecture (WGC) is a set of linear inequalities on the four-derivative corrections to Einstein--Maxwell theory. Remarkably, in four dimensions, these combinations appear in the $2 \to 2$ photon amplitudes,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-07 Johan Henriksson , Brian McPeak , Francesco Russo , Alessandro Vichi

Gauge/gravity duality is the conjecture that string theories have dual descriptions as gauge theories. Weakly-coupled gravity is dual to strongly-coupled gauge theories, ideal for lattice calculations. I will show precision lattice…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2016-08-09 Evan Berkowitz

We explore possible extensions of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) to scalar field theories. To avoid charged black hole remnants, the WGC requires the existence of a particle with a mass $m < g q M_P$, with charge $q$ and U(1) gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-22 Emilian Dudas , Tony Gherghetta , Keith A. Olive , Sarunas Verner

We examine the minimal constraints imposed by the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) on the particle spectrum of a quantum gravity theory. Towers of super-extremal states have previously been argued to be required for consistency of the WGC…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-20 Cesar Fierro Cota , Alessandro Mininno , Timo Weigand , Max Wiesner