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While humans develop core visual skills long before acquiring language, contemporary Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) still rely heavily on linguistic priors to compensate for their fragile visual understanding. We uncovered a crucial fact:…

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown powerful capabilities in visual question answering and reasoning tasks by combining visual representations with the abstract skill set large language models (LLMs) learn during pretraining. Vision,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Riley Tavassoli , Mani Amani , Reza Akhavian

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently gained attention due to their competitive performance on multiple downstream tasks, achieved by following user-input instructions. However, VLMs still exhibit several limitations in visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Simone Alghisi , Gabriel Roccabruna , Massimo Rizzoli , Seyed Mahed Mousavi , Giuseppe Riccardi

Advances in vision language models (VLMs) have enabled the simulation of general human behavior through their reasoning and problem solving capabilities. However, prior research has not investigated such simulation capabilities in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Rosiana Natalie , Wenqian Xu , Ruei-Che Chang , Rada Mihalcea , Anhong Guo

The development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) is striving to catch up with the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it faces more challenges to be resolved. Very recent works enable LVLMs to localize object-level visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhipeng Huang , Zhizheng Zhang , Zheng-Jun Zha , Yan Lu , Baining Guo

Visually-conditioned language models (VLMs) have seen growing adoption in applications such as visual dialogue, scene understanding, and robotic task planning; adoption that has fueled a wealth of new models such as LLaVa, InstructBLIP, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Siddharth Karamcheti , Suraj Nair , Ashwin Balakrishna , Percy Liang , Thomas Kollar , Dorsa Sadigh

Vision Language Models (VLMs) play a crucial role in robotic manipulation by enabling robots to understand and interpret the visual properties of objects and their surroundings, allowing them to perform manipulation based on this multimodal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Nurhan Bulus Guran , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved competitive performance in various tasks, their comprehension of the underlying structure and semantics of a scene remains understudied. To investigate the understanding of VLMs, we study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Massimo Rizzoli , Simone Alghisi , Olha Khomyn , Gabriel Roccabruna , Seyed Mahed Mousavi , Giuseppe Riccardi

Accurately predicting human behaviors is crucial for mobile robots operating in human-populated environments. While prior research primarily focuses on predicting actions in single-human scenarios from an egocentric view, several robotic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Utsav Panchal , Yuchen Liu , Luigi Palmieri , Ilche Georgievski , Marco Aiello

Foundation models and vision-language pre-training have notably advanced Vision Language Models (VLMs), enabling multimodal processing of visual and linguistic data. However, their performance has been typically assessed on general scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Shravan Nayak , Kanishk Jain , Rabiul Awal , Siva Reddy , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Lisa Anne Hendricks , Karolina Stańczak , Aishwarya Agrawal

We introduce VLM-Lens, a toolkit designed to enable systematic benchmarking, analysis, and interpretation of vision-language models (VLMs) by supporting the extraction of intermediate outputs from any layer during the forward pass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hala Sheta , Eric Huang , Shuyu Wu , Ilia Alenabi , Jiajun Hong , Ryker Lin , Ruoxi Ning , Daniel Wei , Jialin Yang , Jiawei Zhou , Ziqiao Ma , Freda Shi

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive results on single-view vision tasks, but lack the multi-view spatial reasoning capabilities essential for embodied AI systems to understand 3D environments and manipulate objects across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Suchae Jeong , Jaehwi Song , Haeone Lee , Hanna Kim , Jian Kim , Dongjun Lee , Dong Kyu Shin , Changyeon Kim , Dongyoon Hahm , Woogyeol Jin , Juheon Choi , Kimin Lee

We present a framework for perspective-aware reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) through mental imagery simulation. Perspective-taking, the ability to perceive an environment or situation from an alternative viewpoint, is a key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Phillip Y. Lee , Jihyeon Je , Chanho Park , Mikaela Angelina Uy , Leonidas Guibas , Minhyuk Sung

The widespread use of cameras in our society has created an overwhelming amount of video data, far exceeding the capacity for human monitoring. This presents a critical challenge for public safety and security, as the timely detection of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pascal Benschop , Cristian Meo , Justin Dauwels , Jelte P. Mense

Multimodal Vision Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a transformative topic at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, enabling machines to perceive and reason about the world through both visual and textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zongxia Li , Xiyang Wu , Hongyang Du , Fuxiao Liu , Huy Nghiem , Guangyao Shi

Cognitive science research treats visual perception, the ability to understand and make sense of a visual input, as one of the early developmental signs of intelligence. Its TVPS-4 framework categorizes and tests human perception into seven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Samrajnee Ghosh , Naman Agarwal , Hemanshu Garg , Chinmay Mittal , Mausam , Parag Singla

Human-scene vision-language tasks are increasingly prevalent in diverse social applications, yet recent advancements predominantly rely on models specifically tailored to individual tasks. Emerging research indicates that large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Dawei Dai , Xu Long , Li Yutang , Zhang Yuanhui , Shuyin Xia

Spatial relations are a basic part of human cognition. However, they are expressed in natural language in a variety of ways, and previous work has suggested that current vision-and-language models (VLMs) struggle to capture relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Fangyu Liu , Guy Emerson , Nigel Collier

Spatial reasoning in vision language models (VLMs) remains fragile when semantics hinge on subtle temporal or geometric cues. We introduce a synthetic benchmark that probes two complementary skills: situational awareness (recognizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Pascal Benschop , Justin Dauwels , Jan van Gemert

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, also lacking some basic visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Leonid Sigal