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Despite being the main tool to visualize molecules at the atomic scale, AFM with CO-functionalized metal tips is unable to chemically identify the observed molecules. Here we present a strategy to address this challenging task using deep…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-03 Jaime Carracedo-Cosme , Carlos Romero-Muñiz , Pablo Pou , Rubén Pérez

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in general domains but struggle with complex, real-world science. We posit that polymer science, an interdisciplinary field spanning chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering, is an ideal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Wanhao Liu , Weida Wang , Jiaqing Xie , Suorong Yang , Jue Wang , Benteng Chen , Guangtao Mei , Zonglin Yang , Shufei Zhang , Yuchun Mo , Lang Cheng , Jin Zeng , Houqiang Li , Wanli Ouyang , Yuqiang Li

Modeling the relationship between chemical structure and molecular activity is a key goal in drug development. Many benchmark tasks have been proposed for molecular property prediction, but these tasks are generally aimed at specific,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-05 Samuel G. Finlayson , Matthew B. A. McDermott , Alex V. Pickering , Scott L. Lipnick , Isaac S. Kohane

Molecular representation learning is pivotal for various molecular property prediction tasks related to drug discovery. Robust and accurate benchmarks are essential for refining and validating current methods. Existing molecular property…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-06-27 Shikun Feng , Jiaxin Zheng , Yinjun Jia , Yanwen Huang , Fengfeng Zhou , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated impressive molecule understanding ability on various 1D text-related tasks. However, they inherently lack 2D graph perception - a critical ability of human professionals in comprehending molecules'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Zhiyuan Liu , Sihang Li , Yanchen Luo , Hao Fei , Yixin Cao , Kenji Kawaguchi , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

The graph neural network (GNN) has been a powerful deep-learning tool in chemistry domain, due to its close connection with molecular graphs. Most GNN models collect and update atom and molecule features from the fed atom (and, in some…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-03-18 Yeji Kim , Yoonho Jeong , Jihoo Kim , Eok Kyun Lee , Won June Kim , Insung S. Choi

Molecular optimization is a central task in drug discovery that requires precise structural reasoning and domain knowledge. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating high-level editing intentions in natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Wenyu Zhu , Chengzhu Li , Xiaohe Tian , Yifan Wang , Yinjun Jia , Jianhui Wang , Bowen Gao , Ya-Qin Zhang , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Molecule generation and optimization is a fundamental task in chemical domain. The rapid development of intelligent tools, especially large language models (LLMs) with powerful knowledge reserves and interactive capabilities, has provided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Haoran Liu , Zheni Zeng , Yukun Yan , Yuxuan Chen , Yunduo Xiao

Document content extraction is a critical task in computer vision, underpinning the data needs of large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. Despite recent progress, current document parsing methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Linke Ouyang , Yuan Qu , Hongbin Zhou , Jiawei Zhu , Rui Zhang , Qunshu Lin , Bin Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Man Jiang , Xiaomeng Zhao , Jin Shi , Fan Wu , Pei Chu , Minghao Liu , Zhenxiang Li , Chao Xu , Bo Zhang , Botian Shi , Zhongying Tu , Conghui He

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities across various tasks by integrating textual and visual information to achieve visual understanding in complex scenarios. Despite the availability of several…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhihuan Jiang , Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Weihan Wang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Goal-oriented de novo molecule design, namely generating molecules with specific property or substructure constraints, is a crucial yet challenging task in drug discovery. Existing methods, such as Bayesian optimization and reinforcement…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Chuanliu Fan , Ziqiang Cao , Zicheng Ma , Nan Yu , Yimin Peng , Jun Zhang , Yiqin Gao , Guohong Fu

Deep learning is now widely used in drug discovery, providing significant acceleration and cost reduction. As the most fundamental building block, molecular representation is essential for predicting molecular properties to enable various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Haoqiang Guo , Sendong Zhao , Haochun Wang , Yanrui Du , Bing Qin

The primary objective of Optical Chemical Structure Recognition is to identify chemical structure images into corresponding markup sequences. However, the complex two-dimensional structures of molecules, particularly those with rings and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Qikai Chang , Mingjun Chen , Changpeng Pi , Pengfei Hu , Zhenrong Zhang , Jiefeng Ma , Jun Du , Baocai Yin , Jinshui Hu

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success in natural language processing (NLP) and various interdisciplinary areas. However, applying LLMs to chemistry is a complex task that requires specialized domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Chang Liao , Yemin Yu , Yu Mei , Ying Wei

While large language models (LLMs) have integrated images, adapting them to graphs remains challenging, limiting their applications in materials and drug design. This difficulty stems from the need for coherent autoregressive generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Gang Liu , Michael Sun , Wojciech Matusik , Meng Jiang , Jie Chen

Scientific discovery plays a pivotal role in advancing human society, and recent progress in large language models (LLMs) suggests their potential to accelerate this process. However, it remains unclear whether LLMs can autonomously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zonglin Yang , Wanhao Liu , Ben Gao , Tong Xie , Yuqiang Li , Wanli Ouyang , Soujanya Poria , Erik Cambria , Dongzhan Zhou

We present sMolBoxes, a dataflow representation for the exploration and analysis of long molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. When MD simulations reach millions of snapshots, a frame-by-frame observation is not feasible anymore. Thus,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-04 Pavol Ulbrich , Manuela Waldner , Katarína Furmanová , Sérgio M. Marques , David Bednář , Barbora Kozlikova , Jan Byška

Chemistry plays a crucial role in many domains, such as drug discovery and material science. While large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 exhibit remarkable capabilities on natural language processing tasks, existing research indicates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Botao Yu , Frazier N. Baker , Ziqi Chen , Xia Ning , Huan Sun

Recently, there has been a growing interest among large language model (LLM) developers in LLM-based document reading systems, which enable users to upload their own documents and pose questions related to the document contents, going…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Anni Zou , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Deng Cai , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Dong Yu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized scientific text processing, they exhibit a significant capability gap when interpreting chemical reaction diagrams. We identify two fundamental bottlenecks restricting current systems:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mingyang Rao , Kehua Feng , Zhihui Zhu , Jiangzhen Fu , Hao Yu , Keyan Ding , Huajun Chen
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