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As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly powerful, they pose growing risks to international security, creating urgent coordination challenges that current governance approaches struggle to address without compromising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 James Petrie , Onni Aarne , Nora Ammann , David Dalrymple

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds great promise to empower us with knowledge and augment our effectiveness. We can -- and must -- ensure that we keep humans safe and in control, particularly with regard to government and public sector…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Carol J. Smith

International agreements about AI development may be required to reduce catastrophic risks from advanced AI systems. However, agreements about such a high-stakes technology must be backed by verification mechanisms--processes or tools that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Aaron Scher , Lisa Thiergart

AI systems increasingly shape critical decisions across personal and societal domains. While empirical risk minimization (ERM) drives much of the AI success, it typically prioritizes accuracy over trustworthiness, often resulting in biases,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Diana Pfau , Alexander Jung

Frontier AI models pose increasing risks to public safety and international security, creating a pressing need for AI developers to provide credible guarantees about their development activities without compromising proprietary information.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 James Petrie , Onni Aarne

We review key considerations, practices, and areas for future work aimed at the responsible development and fielding of AI technologies. We describe critical challenges and make recommendations on topics that should be given priority…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Eric Horvitz , Jessica Young , Rama G. Elluru , Chuck Howell

Recent advancements in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) establish the basis to address challenging tasks. However, with the integration of AI, new risks arise. Therefore, to benefit from its advantages, it is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ronald Schnitzer , Andreas Hapfelmeier , Sven Gaube , Sonja Zillner

As hardware systems grow in complexity, security verification must keep up with them. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) have started to play an important role in automating several stages of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Khan Thamid Hasan , Md Ajoad Hasan , Nashmin Alam , Md. Touhidul Islam , Upoma Das , Farimah Farahmandi

The governance of frontier AI increasingly relies on controlling access to computational resources, yet the hardware-level mechanisms invoked by policy proposals remain largely unexamined from an engineering perspective. This paper bridges…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Samar Ansari

Large and ever-evolving technology companies continue to invest more time and resources to incorporate responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) into production-ready systems to increase algorithmic accountability. This paper examines and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Bogdana Rakova , Jingying Yang , Henriette Cramer , Rumman Chowdhury

As the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing many fields and industries, there are concerns about AI systems making decisions and recommendations without adequately considering various ethical aspects, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Conrad Sanderson , Qinghua Lu , David Douglas , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Jon Whittle

Although AI is transforming the world, there are serious concerns about its ability to behave and make decisions responsibly. Many ethical regulations, principles, and frameworks for responsible AI have been issued recently. However, they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Jon Whittle , Zhenchang Xing

Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) - the practice of developing, evaluating, and maintaining accurate AI systems that also exhibit essential properties such as robustness and explainability - represents a multifaceted challenge that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Ryan Soklaski , Justin Goodwin , Olivia Brown , Michael Yee , Jason Matterer

Developing human-controllable artificial intelligence (AI) and achieving meaningful human control (MHC) has become a vital principle to address these challenges, ensuring ethical alignment and effective governance in AI. MHC is also a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Chengke Liu , Wei Xu

There is still a significant gap between expectations and the successful adoption of AI to innovate and improve businesses. Due to the emergence of deep learning, AI adoption is more complex as it often incorporates big data and the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Dian Tjondronegoro , Elizabeth Yuwono , Brent Richards , Damian Green , Siiri Hatakka

As AI capabilities advance rapidly, flexible hardware-enabled guarantees (flexHEGs) offer opportunities to address international security challenges through comprehensive governance frameworks. This report examines how flexHEGs could enable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Onni Aarne , James Petrie

In the current era, people and society have grown increasingly reliant on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. AI has the potential to drive us towards a future in which all of humanity flourishes. It also comes with substantial risks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Lu Cheng , Kush R. Varshney , Huan Liu

Concerns about the societal impact of AI-based services and systems has encouraged governments and other organisations around the world to propose AI policy frameworks to address fairness, accountability, transparency and related topics. To…

This vision paper presents initial research on assessing the robustness and reliability of AI-enabled systems, and key factors in ensuring their safety and effectiveness in practical applications, including a focus on accountability. By…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Filippo Scaramuzza , Damian A. Tamburri , Willem-Jan van den Heuvel
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