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The performance of supervised deep learning methods for medical image segmentation is often limited by the scarcity of labeled data. As a promising research direction, semi-supervised learning addresses this dilemma by leveraging unlabeled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-13 Zihang Liu , Chunhui Zhao

While making a tremendous impact in various fields, deep neural networks usually require large amounts of labeled data for training which are expensive to collect in many applications, especially in the medical domain. Unlabeled data, on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Yingda Xia , Fengze Liu , Dong Yang , Jinzheng Cai , Lequan Yu , Zhuotun Zhu , Daguang Xu , Alan Yuille , Holger Roth

Continual Learning (CL) investigates how to train Deep Networks on a stream of tasks without incurring forgetting. CL settings proposed in literature assume that every incoming example is paired with ground-truth annotations. However, this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-30 Matteo Boschini , Pietro Buzzega , Lorenzo Bonicelli , Angelo Porrello , Simone Calderara

In semi-supervised medical image segmentation, the poor quality of unlabeled data and the uncertainty in the model's predictions lead to models that inevitably produce erroneous pseudo-labels. These errors accumulate throughout model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shiwei Zhou , Xin Liu , Haifeng Zhao , Bin Luo , Dengdi Sun

Semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) aims to boost detection performance by leveraging extra unlabeled data. The teacher-student framework has been shown to be promising for SSOD, in which a teacher network generates pseudo-labels for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Honggyu Choi , Zhixiang Chen , Xuepeng Shi , Tae-Kyun Kim

Standard segmentation of medical images based on full-supervised convolutional networks demands accurate dense annotations. Such learning framework is built on laborious manual annotation with restrict demands for expertise, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Liyan Sun , Jianxiong Wu , Xinghao Ding , Yue Huang , Guisheng Wang , Yizhou Yu

Semi-supervised 3D medical image segmentation aims to achieve accurate segmentation using few labelled data and numerous unlabelled data. The main challenge in the design of semi-supervised learning methods consists in the effective use of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yanyan Wang , Kechen Song , Yuyuan Liu , Shuai Ma , Yunhui Yan , Gustavo Carneiro

Deep learning has greatly advanced medical image segmentation, but its success relies heavily on fully supervised learning, which requires dense annotations that are costly and time-consuming for 3D volumetric scans. Barely-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shuang Zeng , Boxu Xie , Lei Zhu , Xinliang Zhang , Jiakui Hu , Zhengjian Yao , Yuanwei Li , Yuxing Lu , Yanye Lu

Self-driving cars and autonomous driving research has been receiving considerable attention as major promising prospects in modern artificial intelligence applications. According to the evolution of advanced driver assistance system (ADAS),…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Won Joon Yun , MyungJae Shin , Soyi Jung , Sean Kwon , Joongheon Kim

Federated semi-supervised learning (FSSL), facilitates labeled clients and unlabeled clients jointly training a global model without sharing private data. Existing FSSL methods predominantly employ pseudo-labeling and consistency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Qi Guo , Yong Qi , Saiyu Qi , Di Wu

Despite the remarkable performance of supervised medical image segmentation models, relying on a large amount of labeled data is impractical in real-world situations. Semi-supervised learning approaches aim to alleviate this challenge using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yunyao Lu , Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad , Tareef Daqqaq , Reem Kateb

Autonomous vehicles must remain safe and effective when encountering rare long-tailed scenarios or cyber-physical intrusions during driving. We present RAIL, a risk-aware human-in-the-loop framework that turns heterogeneous runtime signals…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Dawood Wasif , Terrence J. Moore , Seunghyun Yoon , Hyuk Lim , Dan Dongseong Kim , Frederica F. Nelson , Jin-Hee Cho

Semi-supervised medical image segmentation has shown promise in training models with limited labeled data and abundant unlabeled data. However, state-of-the-art methods ignore a potentially valuable source of unsupervised semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qianying Liu , Paul Henderson , Xiao Gu , Hang Dai , Fani Deligianni

Despite their effectiveness, current deep learning models face challenges with images coming from different domains with varying appearance and content. We introduce SegCLR, a versatile framework designed to segment images across different…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Alvaro Gomariz , Yusuke Kikuchi , Yun Yvonna Li , Thomas Albrecht , Andreas Maunz , Daniela Ferrara , Huanxiang Lu , Orcun Goksel

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) for multi-class segmentation of medical images are widely used today. Especially models with multiple outputs that can separately predict segmentation classes (regions) without relying on a probabilistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Denis Mikhailapov , Vladimir Berikov

Given a model well-trained with a large-scale base dataset, Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning (FSCIL) aims at incrementally learning novel classes from a few labeled samples by avoiding overfitting, without catastrophically forgetting all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Yawen Cui , Wanxia Deng , Haoyu Chen , Li Liu

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a semi-supervised learning model for intracranial hemorrhage detection and segmentation on an out-of-distribution head CT evaluation set. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study used semi-supervised…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-11 Emily Lin , Esther Yuh

Current 3D semi-supervised segmentation methods face significant challenges such as limited consideration of contextual information and the inability to generate reliable pseudo-labels for effective unsupervised data use. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sanaz Karimijafarbigloo , Reza Azad , Yury Velichko , Ulas Bagci , Dorit Merhof

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for breast ultrasound (BUS) image segmentation, but it often suffers from unstable pseudo labels under extremely limited annotations, leading to inaccurate supervision and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ruili Li , Jiayi Ding , Ruiyu Li , Yilun Jin , Shiwen Ge , Yuwen Zeng , Xiaoyong Zhang , Eichi Takaya , Jan Vrba , Noriyasu Homma

A key challenge for machine intelligence is to learn new visual concepts without forgetting the previously acquired knowledge. Continual learning is aimed towards addressing this challenge. However, there is a gap between existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Yan Luo , Yongkang Wong , Mohan Kankanhalli , Qi Zhao