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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance by jointly processing inputs from multiple modalities, such as vision, audio, and language. However, building such models or extending them to new modalities often requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Edward Ayrapetian , M. Salman Asif

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has been extensively investigated, yet prior benchmarks have largely focused on assessing the acoustic robustness of ASR models, leaving evaluations of their linguistic capabilities relatively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 He Wang , Linhan Ma , Dake Guo , Xiong Wang , Lei Xie , Jin Xu , Junyang Lin

Speech understanding is essential for interpreting the diverse forms of information embedded in spoken language, including linguistic, paralinguistic, and non-linguistic cues that are vital for effective human-computer interaction. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Jing Peng , Yucheng Wang , Bohan Li , Yiwei Guo , Hankun Wang , Yangui Fang , Yu Xi , Haoyu Li , Xu Li , Ke Zhang , Shuai Wang , Kai Yu

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

Recently, large-scale pre-trained speech encoders and Large Language Models (LLMs) have been released, which show state-of-the-art performance on a range of spoken language processing tasks including Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Rao Ma , Tongzhou Chen , Kartik Audhkhasi , Bhuvana Ramabhadran

Audio deepfake detection (ADD) has grown increasingly important due to the rise of high-fidelity audio generative models and their potential for misuse. Given that audio large language models (ALLMs) have made significant progress in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Hao Gu , Jiangyan Yi , Chenglong Wang , Jianhua Tao , Zheng Lian , Jiayi He , Yong Ren , Yujie Chen , Zhengqi Wen

Speech separation remains an important area of multi-speaker signal processing. Deep neural network (DNN) models have attained the best performance on many speech separation benchmarks. Some of these models can take significant time to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-19 William Ravenscroft , Stefan Goetze , Thomas Hain

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) error correction aims to correct recognition errors while preserving accurate text. Although traditional approaches demonstrate moderate effectiveness, LLMs offer a paradigm that eliminates the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yangui Fang , Baixu Chen , Jing Peng , Xu Li , Yu Xi , Chengwei Zhang , Guohui Zhong

Multimodal Audio-Language Models (ALMs) can understand and reason over both audio and text. Typically, reasoning performance correlates with model size, with the best results achieved by models exceeding 8 billion parameters. However, no…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Soham Deshmukh , Satvik Dixit , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Speech separation aims to separate individual voice from an audio mixture of multiple simultaneous talkers. Although audio-only approaches achieve satisfactory performance, they build on a strategy to handle the predefined conditions,…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Peng Zhang , Jiaming Xu , Jing shi , Yunzhe Hao , Bo Xu

The Audio Question Answering (AQA) task includes audio event classification, audio captioning, and open-ended reasoning. Recently, AQA has garnered attention due to the advent of Large Audio Language Models (LALMs). Current literature…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Speech emotion recognition (SER) has drawn increasing attention for its applications in human-machine interaction. However, existing SER methods ignore the information gap between the pre-training speech recognition task and the downstream…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Dongyuan Li , Yusong Wang , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Integrating Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) into Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) enhances modeling by providing linguistic context. However, conventional feature fusion faces performance bottlenecks, and multi-task learning often…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Chia-Yu Lee , Huang-Cheng Chou , Tzu-Quan Lin , Yuanchao Li , Ya-Tse Wu , Shrikanth Narayanan , Chi-Chun Lee

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have extended the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by enabling audio-based human interactions. However, recent research has revealed that LALMs remain vulnerable to harmful queries due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hao Yang , Lizhen Qu , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

A fundamental characteristic of audio is its compositional nature. Audio-language models (ALMs) trained using a contrastive approach (e.g., CLAP) that learns a shared representation between audio and language modalities have improved…

With advancements in large audio-language models (LALMs), which enhance large language models (LLMs) with auditory capabilities, these models are expected to demonstrate universal proficiency across various auditory tasks. While numerous…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo S. Ho , Hung-yi Lee

We introduce DeSTA2.5-Audio, a general-purpose Large Audio Language Model (LALM) designed for robust auditory perception and instruction-following. Recent LALMs augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with auditory capabilities by training on…

Language models provide a key framework for studying linguistic theories based on prediction, but phonological analysis using large language models (LLMs) is difficult; there are few phonological benchmarks beyond English and the standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zébulon Goriely , Paula Buttery

In this paper, we introduce DiarizationLM, a framework to leverage large language models (LLM) to post-process the outputs from a speaker diarization system. Various goals can be achieved with the proposed framework, such as improving the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-10 Quan Wang , Yiling Huang , Guanlong Zhao , Evan Clark , Wei Xia , Hank Liao

The clinical utility of deep learning models for medical image segmentation is severely constrained by their inability to generalize to unseen domains. This failure is often rooted in the models learning spurious correlations between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Tao Tang , Shijie Xu , Jionglong Su , Zhixiang Lu