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The rapid advancement toward sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has significantly intensified the complexity and scale of optimization problems, including resource allocation and trajectory design, often formulated as combinatorial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Bisheng Wei , Ruihong Jiang , Ruichen Zhang , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato , Yaohua Sun , Yang Lu , Yonghui Li , Shiwen Mao , Chau Yuen , Marco Di Renzo , Mugen Peng

Satellite networks are vital in facilitating communication services for various critical infrastructures. These networks can seamlessly integrate with a diverse array of systems. However, some of these systems are vulnerable due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Mohammed Hassanin , Marwa Keshk , Sara Salim , Majid Alsubaie , Dharmendra Sharma

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into aviation safety decision-making represents a significant technological advancement, yet their standalone application poses critical risks due to inherent limitations such as factual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Anirudh Iyengar , Alisa Tiselska , Dumindu Samaraweera , Hong Liu

Increased utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in critical operations necessitates secure and reliable communication with Ground Control Stations (GCS). This paper introduces Aero-LLM, a framework integrating multiple Large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Balakrishnan Dharmalingam , Rajdeep Mukherjee , Brett Piggott , Guohuan Feng , Anyi Liu

The sixth generation mobile communication standard (6G) can promote the development of Industrial Internet and Internet of Things (IoT). To achieve comprehensive intelligent development of the network and provide customers with higher…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Sifan Long , Fengxiao Tang , Yangfan Li , Tiao Tan , Zhengjie Jin , Ming Zhao , Nei Kato

The evolution toward 6G networks is being accelerated by the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) paradigm -- an open, interoperable architecture that enables intelligent, modular applications across public telecom and private enterprise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Prakhar Sharma , Haohuang Wen , Vinod Yegneswaran , Ashish Gehani , Phillip Porras , Zhiqiang Lin

To enable the cost-effective universal access and the enhancement of current communication services, the space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) have recently been developed due to its exceptional 3D coverage and the ability to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Jingqing Wang , Wenchi Cheng , Wei Zhang

6G wireless networks are expected to provide seamless and data-based connections that cover space-air-ground and underwater networks. As a core partition of future 6G networks, Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGIN) have been…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are emerging as powerful enablers for autonomous reasoning and natural-language coordination in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms operating within Internet of Things (IoT) environments. However, existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jifar Wakuma Ayana , Huang Qiming

Low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs) have the potential to revolutionize communications by supporting a range of applications, including urban parcel delivery, aerial inspections and air taxis. However, compared with traditional wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chuang Zhang , Geng Sun , Yijing Lin , Weijie Yuan , Sinem Coleri , Dusit Niyato

The space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) has recently emerged as a core element in the 6G networks. However, traditional centralized and synchronous optimization algorithms are unsuitable for SAGIN due to infrastructureless and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Ya Liu , Kai Yang , Yu Zhu , Keying Yang , Haibo Zhao

Recently, visual localization has become an important supplement to improve localization reliability, and cross-view approaches can greatly enhance coverage and adaptability. Meanwhile, future 6G will enable a globally covered mobile…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Min Hao , Yanbing Xu , Maoqiang Wu , Jinglin Huang , Chen Shang , Jiacheng Wang , Ruichen Zhang , Jiawen Kang , Dusit Niyato , Zhu Han , Wei Ni

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized various applications, making robust safety alignment essential to prevent harmful outputs. Current safety alignment techniques, however, harbor inherent vulnerabilities due to their reliance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuxi Li , Yi Liu , Yuekang Li , Ling Shi , Gelei Deng , Shengquan Chen , Kailong Wang

The integration of Terrestrial Networks (TN) and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN), including 5G Advanced/6G and the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, using Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, high-altitude platforms (HAPS), and Unmanned…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sasa Maric , Rasil Baidar , Robert Abbas , Sam Reisenfeld

The space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) can enable global range and seamless coverage in the future network. SAGINs consist of three spatial layer network nodes: 1) satellites on the space layer, 2) aerial vehicles on the aerial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Yalin Liu , Yaru Fu , Qubeijian Wang , Hong-Ning Dai

Space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs), which have emerged as an expansion of terrestrial networks, provide flexible access, ubiquitous coverage, high-capacity backhaul, and emergency/disaster recovery for mobile users (MUs). While…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Bin Yang , Shanyun Liu , Tao Xu , Chuyu Li , Yongdong Zhu , Zipeng Li , Zhifeng Zhao

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized AI deployment, enabling autonomous and semi-autonomous applications across industries through intuitive language interfaces and continuous improvements in model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Adam Swanda , Amy Chang , Alexander Chen , Fraser Burch , Paul Kassianik , Konstantin Berlin

In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital twins (DT) and 6G networks, the integration of large language models (LLMs) presents a novel approach to network management. This paper explores the application of LLMs in managing 6G-empowered…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Shufan Jiang , Bangyan Lin , Yue Wu , Yuan Gao

Low-Altitude Wireless Networks (LAWNs), composed of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and mobile terminals, are emerging as a critical extension of 6G. However, applying Large Language Models in LAWNs faces three major challenges: 1)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Li Dong , Feibo Jiang , Kezhi Wang , Cunhua Pan , Dong In Kim , Ekram Hossain

Wireless communication has evolved significantly, with 6G offering groundbreaking capabilities, particularly for IoT. However, the integration of IoT into 6G presents new security challenges, expanding the attack surface due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Navneet Kaur , Lav Gupta