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Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise in automating image diagnosis and interpretation in clinical settings. However, developing specialist medical VLMs requires substantial computational resources and carefully curated datasets,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Yuan Zhong , Ruinan Jin , Qi Dou , Xiaoxiao Li

Recent breakthroughs in machine and deep learning (ML and DL) research have provided excellent tools for leveraging enormous amounts of data and optimizing huge models with millions of parameters to obtain accurate networks for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Mohammadreza Amirian

Current RF machine-learning pipelines rely on task-specific deep networks for modulation classification and related tasks, but these models require custom architectures and labeled datasets for each problem, generalize poorly across channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Hang Zou , Bohao Wang , Yu Tian , Lina Bariah , Chongwen Huang , Samson Lasaulce , Mérouane Debbah

Video-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive multi-modal reasoning capabilities across diverse computer vision applications. However, these VLMs are task-specific and assume that both video and language inputs are complete.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xiang Fang , Wanlong Fang , Changshuo Wang , Keke Tang , Daizong Liu , Siyi Wang , Wei Ji

Fairness is a critical concern in deep learning, especially in healthcare, where these models influence diagnoses and treatment decisions. Although fairness has been investigated in the vision-only domain, the fairness of medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yan Luo , Min Shi , Muhammad Osama Khan , Muhammad Muneeb Afzal , Hao Huang , Shuaihang Yuan , Yu Tian , Luo Song , Ava Kouhana , Tobias Elze , Yi Fang , Mengyu Wang

Vision-and-Language Pre-training (VLP) improves model performance for downstream tasks that require image and text inputs. Current VLP approaches differ on (i) model architecture (especially image embedders), (ii) loss functions, and (iii)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Tarik Arici , Mehmet Saygin Seyfioglu , Tal Neiman , Yi Xu , Son Train , Trishul Chilimbi , Belinda Zeng , Ismail Tutar

Many image restoration (IR) tasks require both pixel-level fidelity and high-level semantic understanding to recover realistic photos with fine-grained details. However, previous approaches often struggle to effectively leverage both the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Cuixin Yang , Rongkang Dong , Kin-Man Lam

Face verification systems have seen substantial advancements; however, they often lack transparency in their decision-making processes. In this paper, we introduce an innovative Vision-Language Model (VLM) for Face Verification, which not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Syed Abdul Hannan , Hazim Bukhari , Thomas Cantalapiedra , Eman Ansar , Massa Baali , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Performance disparities of image recognition across demographic groups are known to exist in deep learning-based models, due to imbalanced group representations or spurious correlation between group and target labels. Previous work has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Miao Zhang , Rumi Chunara

Vision-language models (VLMs) offer a promising paradigm for image classification by comparing the similarity between images and class embeddings. A critical challenge lies in crafting precise textual representations for class names. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Songhao Han , Le Zhuo , Yue Liao , Si Liu

Despite the impressive performance of autoregressive Language Models (LM) it has been shown that due to reporting bias, LMs lack visual knowledge, i.e. they do not know much about the visual world and its properties. To augment LMs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Paula Ontalvilla , Aitor Ormazabal , Gorka Azkune

Situational awareness applications rely heavily on real-time processing of visual and textual data to provide actionable insights. Vision language models (VLMs) have become essential tools for interpreting complex environments by connecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Md Azim Khan , Aryya Gangopadhyay , Jianwu Wang , Robert F. Erbacher

We introduce VLM-Lens, a toolkit designed to enable systematic benchmarking, analysis, and interpretation of vision-language models (VLMs) by supporting the extraction of intermediate outputs from any layer during the forward pass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hala Sheta , Eric Huang , Shuyu Wu , Ilia Alenabi , Jiajun Hong , Ryker Lin , Ruoxi Ning , Daniel Wei , Jialin Yang , Jiawei Zhou , Ziqiao Ma , Freda Shi

Innovations in digital intelligence are transforming robotic surgery with more informed decision-making. Real-time awareness of surgical instrument presence and actions (e.g., cutting tissue) is essential for such systems. Yet, despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Jiajun Cheng , Xianwu Zhao , Sainan Liu , Xiaofan Yu , Ravi Prakash , Patrick J. Codd , Jonathan Elliott Katz , Shan Lin

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across diverse downstream tasks, recent studies have shown that they can inherit social biases from the training data and further propagate them into downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Tangzheng Lian , Guanyu Hu , Yijing Ren , Dimitrios Kollias , Oya Celiktutan

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP and ALIGN, are generally trained on datasets consisting of image-caption pairs obtained from the web. However, real-world multimodal datasets, such as healthcare data, are significantly more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Maya Varma , Jean-Benoit Delbrouck , Sarah Hooper , Akshay Chaudhari , Curtis Langlotz

Neural Machine Translation models are sensitive to noise in the input texts, such as misspelled words and ungrammatical constructions. Existing robustness techniques generally fail when faced with unseen types of noise and their performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Zhenhao Li , Marek Rei , Lucia Specia

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Aligning visual features with language embeddings is a key challenge in vision-language models (VLMs). The performance of such models hinges on having a good connector that maps visual features generated by a vision encoder to a shared…

Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (RALMs) face significant challenges in reducing factual errors, particularly in document relevance evaluation and knowledge integration. We introduce a framework for structured relevance assessment that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Aryan Raj , Astitva Veer Garg , Anitha D