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Random numbers are a fundamental ingredient for many applications including simulation, modelling and cryptography. Sound random numbers should be independent and uniformly distributed. Moreover, for cryptographic applications they should…
The speed of a quantum random number generator is essential for practical applications, such as high-speed quantum key distribution systems. Here, we push the speed of a quantum random number generator to 68 Gbps by operating a laser around…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce random numbers based on the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, making them true random number generators (TRNGs). In this paper, we design and fabricate an embedded QRNG…
Quantum random number generation is a technique to generate random numbers by extracting randomness from specific quantum processes. As for practical random number generators, they are required not only to have no information leakage but…
Random number generators (RNG) are essential elements in many cryptographic systems. True random number generators (TRNG) rely upon sources of randomness from natural processes such as those arising from quantum mechanics phenomena. We…
Random number generators (RNGs) are notoriously challenging to build and test, especially for cryptographic applications. While statistical tests cannot definitively guarantee an RNG's output quality, they are a powerful verification tool…
We describe a methodology and standard of proof for experimental claims of quantum random number generation (QRNG), analogous to well-established methods from precision measurement. For appropriately constructed physical implementations,…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) promise perfectly unpredictable random numbers. However, the security certification of the random numbers in form of a stochastic model often introduces assumptions that are either hardly justified…
Emerging communication and cryptography applications call for reliable, fast, unpredictable random number generators. Quantum random number generation (QRNG) allows for the creation of truly unpredictable numbers thanks to the inherent…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers, which are guaranteed by the fundamental principles of quantum physics. Miniaturization of QRNGs is crucial for a wide range of communication and cryptography…
Previously, we built up a set of photon-free quantum random number generator(QRNG) with InGaAs single photon avalanche diodes. We exploited the stochastic property of quantum tunneling effect. Here, we utilized tunneling signals in Si…
Quantum random number generation exploits inherent randomness of quantum mechanical processes and measurements. Real-time generation rate of quantum random numbers is usually limited by electronic bandwidth and data processing rates. Here…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) harness the intrinsic randomness in measurement processes: the measurement outputs are truly random given the input state is a superposition of the eigenstates of the measurement operators. In the…
Quantum random number generator (QRNG) utilizes the intrinsic randomness of quantum systems to generate completely unpredictable and genuine random numbers, finding wide applications across many fields. QRNGs relying on the phase noise of a…
Quantum random number generators are a burgeoning technology used for a variety of applications, including modern security and encryption systems. Typical methods exploit an entropy source combined with an extraction or bit generation…
Quantum-proof randomness extraction is essential for handling quantum side information possessed by a quantum adversary, which is widely applied in various quantum cryptography tasks. In this study, we introduce a real-time two-source…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) based on quadrature measurements of the vacuum have so far used balanced homodyne detection to obtain a source of high entropy. Here we propose a simple direct detection measurement scheme using only…
A quantum random number generator (QRNG) generates genuine randomness from the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics. The central problems for most QRNGs are estimating the entropy of the genuine randomness and producing such…
We present a high-quality, bias-free quantum random number generator (QRNG) using photon arrival time selectively in accordance with the number of photon detection events within a sampling time interval in attenuated light. It is well…
We discuss the current state of the art of Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) and their possible applications in the search for quantum advantages. To this aim, we first discuss a possible way of benchmarking QRNG by applying them to…