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Merging supermassive black hole-black hole (BHBH) binaries produced in galaxy mergers are promising sources of detectable gravitational waves. If such a merger takes place in a gaseous environment, there is a possibility of a simultaneous…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-05-12 Brian D. Farris , Yuk Tung Liu , Stuart L. Shapiro

In the presence of an ultralight bosonic field, spinning black holes are unstable to superradiance. The rotational energy of the black hole is converted into a non-axisymmetric, oscillating boson cloud which dissipates through the emission…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-09 Nils Siemonsen , William E. East

Scalar boson stars have attracted attention as simple models for exploring the nonlinear dynamics of a large class of ultra compact and black hole mimicking objects. Here, we study the impact of interactions in the scalar matter making up…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-14 Nils Siemonsen , William E. East

Pulsar timing arrays have found evidence for a low-frequency gravitational wave background (GWB). Assuming the GWB is produced by supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), the next gravitational wave (GW) signals astronomers anticipate are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-24 Emiko C. Gardiner , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate

(abridged) We consider a secular orbital evolution of a supermassive binary black hole (SBBH) with unequal masses $M_p$ and $M_s < M_p$ in a central part of a non-spherical nuclear star cluster (NSC). When the mass of NSC inside the orbit…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-17 Pavel B. Ivanov , Alexander G. Polnarev

Ultralight bosons near rotating black holes can undergo significant growth through superradiant energy extraction, potentially reaching field values close to the Planck scale and transforming black holes into effective transducers for these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-17 Yifan Chen , Xiao Xue , Vitor Cardoso

We investigate the pre-disruption gravitational dynamics and post-disruption hydrodynamics of the tidal disruption of stars by supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries. We focus on binaries with relatively low mass primaries…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-11 Eric R. Coughlin , Philip J. Armitage , Chris Nixon , Mitchell C. Begelman

Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are the products of frequent galaxy mergers. The coalescence of the SMBHBs is a distinct source of gravitational wave (GW) radiation. The detections of the strong GW radiation and their possible…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Shuo Li , F. K. Liu , Peter Berczik , Xian Chen , Rainer Spurzem

We investigate a hierarchical structure formation scenario describing the evolution of a Super Massive Black Holes (SMBHs) population. The seeds of the local SMBHs are assumed to be 'pregalactic' black holes, remnants of the first POPIII…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-29 M. Volonteri , F. Haardt , P. Madau , A. Sesana

We present a detailed, fully nonlinear study of binary systems involving one black hole and one boson star, considering the effects of both a quartic self-interaction and a solitonic potential for the scalar field. First, we show the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-09 Gareth Arturo Marks , Seppe J. Staelens , Ulrich Sperhake

In currently favoured hierarchical cosmologies, the formation of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) following galaxy mergers is unavoidable. Still, due the complex physics governing the (hydro)dynamics of the post-merger dense environment…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-29 Felipe G. Goicovic , Cristian Maureira-Fredes , Alberto Sesana , Pau Amaro-Seoane , Jorge Cuadra

Binary black hole (BBH) systems residing in the centers of galaxies evolve within complex astrophysical environments. These environments, comprising dark matter (DM) halos and baryonic accretion disks, can significantly alter the orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-31 Meng Xu , Zhijin Li , Xiao Guo , Yun-Long Zhang

We propose to use pulsar-black hole binaries as a probe of gravitational collider physics. Induced by the gravitation of the pulsar, the atomic transitions of the boson cloud around the black hole back-react on the orbital motion. This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-24 Qianhang Ding , Xi Tong , Yi Wang

Black hole (BH) superradiance can provide strong constraints on the properties of ultralight bosons (ULBs). While most of the previous work has focused on the theoretical predictions, here we investigate the most suitable statistical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-06 Sebastian Hoof , David J. E. Marsh , Júlia Sisk-Reynés , James H. Matthews , Christopher Reynolds

Supermassive black holes presumably grow through numerous mergers throughout cosmic time. During each merger, supermassive black hole binaries are surrounded by a circumbinary accretion disk that imposes a significant (~1e4 G for a binary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 David L. Kaplan , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Alberto Sesana , Marta Volonteri

We extend our previous studies of head-on collisions of boson stars by considering orbiting binary boson stars. We concentrate on equal mass binaries and study the dynamical behavior of boson/boson and boson/antiboson pairs. We examine the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 C. Palenzuela , L. Lehner , S. L. Liebling

Kerr black holes coupled to quantized bosonic fields display a special version of the Hawking effect, governed by the superradiance condition. This leads to rapid growth of boson cloud through spontaneous creation, leading to slowing down…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-27 Rittick Roy , Urjit A. Yajnik

Galaxy centers are residing places for Super Massive Black Holes (SMBHs). Galaxy mergers bring SMBHs close together to form gravitationally bound binary systems which, if able to coalesce in less than a Hubble time, would be one of the most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Fazeel Mahmood Khan , Miguel Preto , Peter Berczik , Ingo Berentzen , Andreas Just , Rainer Spurzem

Observed active galactic nuclei at redshifts $\gtrsim 6$ suggest that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) had formed early on. Accretion of matter onto remnants of Population III stars leading to SMBHs is a very slow process, and therefore,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-27 Patrick Das Gupta , Eklavya Thareja

A rotating black hole can be clouded by light bosons via superradiance, and thus acquire an atom-like structure. If such a gravitational atom system is companioned with a pulsar, the pulsar can trigger transitions between energy levels of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-26 Xi Tong , Yi Wang , Hui-Yu Zhu