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This research addresses the complex challenge of automated repair of code vulnerabilities, vital for enhancing digital security in an increasingly technology-driven world. The study introduces a novel and efficient format for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-04 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Eva Garcia-Lopez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Jose-Javier Martinez-Herraiz

Federated Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (FedPEFT) has emerged as a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving and efficient adaptation of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) in Federated Learning (FL) settings. It preserves data privacy by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shenghui Li , Edith C. -H. Ngai , Fanghua Ye , Thiemo Voigt

Large pretrained language models are widely used in downstream NLP tasks via task-specific fine-tuning, but such procedures can be costly. Recently, Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have achieved strong task performance while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Despite the state-of-the-art performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) achieved on many tasks, their massive scale often leads to high computational and environmental costs, limiting their accessibility. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Robert Belanec , Branislav Pecher , Ivan Srba , Maria Bielikova

One-size-fits-all large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to help people with their writing. However, the style these models are trained to write in may not suit all users or use cases. LLMs would be more useful as writing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xinyue Liu , Harshita Diddee , Daphne Ippolito

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of pre-trained language models has recently demonstrated remarkable achievements, effectively matching the performance of full fine-tuning while utilizing significantly fewer trainable parameters, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Baohao Liao , Yan Meng , Christof Monz

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks via full fine-tuning is increasingly impractical due to its computational and memory demands. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) approaches such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jing Gao , Zhong-Yi Lu , Pan Zhang , Ze-Feng Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for automated program repair (APR). However, existing LLM-based techniques primarily rely on coarse-grained external feedback (e.g.,test results) to guide iterative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiaolong Kong , Xiaofei Xie , Yiheng Xiong , Yuekun Wang , Jian Wang

Metaphor is a pervasive feature of discourse and a powerful lens for examining cognition, emotion, and ideology. Large-scale analysis, however, has been constrained by the need for manual annotation due to the context-sensitive nature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Matteo Fuoli , Weihang Huang , Jeannette Littlemore , Sarah Turner , Ellen Wilding

Recent efforts to scale Transformer models have demonstrated rapid progress across a wide range of tasks (Wei et al., 2022). However, fine-tuning these models for downstream tasks is expensive due to their large parameter counts.…

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), especially Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has emerged as a promising approach to fine-tuning large language models(LLMs) while reducing computational and memory overhead. However, LoRA assumes a uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Hao Zhang , Zhenjia Li , Runfeng Bao , Yifan Gao , Xi Xiao , Heng Zhang , Shuyang Zhang , Bo Huang , Yuhang Wu , Tianyang Wang , Hao Xu

Personalizing jargon detection and explanation is essential for making technical documents accessible to readers with diverse disciplinary backgrounds. However, tailoring models to individual users typically requires substantial annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Bohao Wu , Qingyun Wang , Yue Guo

The success of large language models (LLMs), like GPT-4 and ChatGPT, has led to the development of numerous cost-effective and accessible alternatives that are created by finetuning open-access LLMs with task-specific data (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zhiqiang Hu , Lei Wang , Yihuai Lan , Wanyu Xu , Ee-Peng Lim , Lidong Bing , Xing Xu , Soujanya Poria , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

The fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is pivotal for achieving optimal performance across diverse downstream tasks. However, while full fine-tuning delivers superior results, it entails significant computational and resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Yao Liang , Yuwei Wang , Yi Zeng

Fine-tuning is widely used to tailor large language models for specific tasks such as neural machine translation (NMT). However, leveraging transfer learning is computationally expensive when fine-tuning large multilingual models with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Josh McGiff , Nikola S. Nikolov

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have become popular methods for adapting large language models while minimizing compute requirements. In this paper, we apply PEFT methods (P-tuning, Adapters,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Aleksander Ficek , Jiaqi Zeng , Oleksii Kuchaiev

Research shows that errors in natural language can be corrected by translating texts to another language and back using language models. We explore to what extent this latent correction capability extends to Automated Program Repair (APR)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Fernando Vallecillos Ruiz , Anastasiia Grishina , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

Fine-tuning large language models (LLM) can be costly. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) addresses the problems by training a fraction of the parameters, whose success reveals the expressiveness and flexibility of pretrained models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically fix bugs in the source code. Recently, as advances in Deep Learning (DL) field, there is a rise of Neural Program Repair (NPR) studies, which formulate APR as a translation task from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Wenkang Zhong , Chuanyi Li , Jidong Ge , Bin Luo

Software compartmentalization breaks down an application into compartments isolated from each other: an attacker taking over a compartment will be confined to it, limiting the damage they can cause to the rest of the application. Despite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jia Hu , Youcheng Sun , Pierre Olivier