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Wider adoption of neural networks in many critical domains such as finance and healthcare is being hindered by the need to explain their predictions and to impose additional constraints on them. Monotonicity constraint is one of the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Davor Runje , Sharath M. Shankaranarayana

In this paper, we explain the universal approximation capabilities of deep residual neural networks through geometric nonlinear control. Inspired by recent work establishing links between residual networks and control systems, we provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Paulo Tabuada , Bahman Gharesifard

Monotonic neural networks have recently been proposed as a way to define invertible transformations. These transformations can be combined into powerful autoregressive flows that have been shown to be universal approximators of continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Antoine Wehenkel , Gilles Louppe

This paper studies the approximation capacity of neural networks with an arbitrary activation function and with norm constraint on the weights. Upper and lower bounds on the approximation error of these networks are computed for smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Francesco Paolo Maiale , Anastasiia Trofimova , Arturo De Marinis

We investigate deep morphological neural networks (DMNNs). We demonstrate that despite their inherent non-linearity, "linear" activations are essential for DMNNs. To preserve their inherent sparsity, we propose architectures that constraint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Konstantinos Fotopoulos , Petros Maragos

To improve how neural networks function it is crucial to understand their learning process. The information bottleneck theory of deep learning proposes that neural networks achieve good generalization by compressing their representations to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Ivan Chelombiev , Conor Houghton , Cian O'Donnell

Neural networks have been used prominently in several machine learning and statistics applications. In general, the underlying optimization of neural networks is non-convex which makes their performance analysis challenging. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-09 Soheil Feizi , Hamid Javadi , Jesse Zhang , David Tse

Neural Networks have been applied for time series prediction with good experimental results that indicate the high capacity to approximate functions with good precision. Most neural models used in these applications use activation functions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Gecynalda Gomes , Teresa Ludermir

We propose a novel multi-layer neural network architecture that gives a promising neural network empowered optimization approach to the image restoration problem. The proposed architecture is motivated by the recent study of monotone…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Haruya Shimizu , Masahiro Yukawa

We consider neural networks with a single hidden layer and non-decreasing homogeneous activa-tion functions like the rectified linear units. By letting the number of hidden units grow unbounded and using classical non-Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Francis Bach

Universal approximation theorem suggests that a shallow neural network can approximate any function. The input to neurons at each layer is a weighted sum of previous layer neurons and then an activation is applied. These activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Bhaavan Goel

Explicit antisymmetrization of a neural network is a potential candidate for a universal function approximator for generic antisymmetric functions, which are ubiquitous in quantum physics. However, this procedure is a priori factorially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Nilin Abrahamsen , Lin Lin

The training of two-layer neural networks with nonlinear activation functions is an important non-convex optimization problem with numerous applications and promising performance in layerwise deep learning. In this paper, we develop exact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Burak Bartan , Mert Pilanci

In this paper, we study approximation properties of single hidden layer neural networks with weights varying on finitely many directions and thresholds from an open interval. We obtain a necessary and at the same time sufficient measure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Vugar Ismailov , Ekrem Savas

While globally optimal solutions to many convex programs can be computed efficiently in polynomial time, this is, in general, not possible for nonconvex optimization problems. Therefore, locally optimal approaches or other efficient…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Bho Matthiesen , Christoph Hellings , Eduard A. Jorswieck , Wolfgang Utschick

We study the uniform approximation of echo state networks with randomly generated internal weights. These models, in which only the readout weights are optimized during training, have made empirical success in learning dynamical systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Zhen Li , Yunfei Yang

We study the universality of complex-valued neural networks with bounded widths and arbitrary depths. Under mild assumptions, we give a full description of those activation functions $\varrho:\mathbb{C}\to \mathbb{C}$ that have the property…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Paul Geuchen , Thomas Jahn , Hannes Matt

We examine the necessary and sufficient complexity of neural networks to approximate functions from different smoothness spaces under the restriction of encodable network weights. Based on an entropy argument, we start by proving lower…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-21 Ingo Gühring , Mones Raslan

As modern deep learning architectures grow in complexity, representational ambiguity emerges as a critical barrier to their interpretability and reliable merging. For ReLU networks, identical functional mappings can be achieved through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kutomanov Hennadii

We consider deep neural networks with a Lipschitz continuous activation function and with weight matrices of variable widths. We establish a uniform convergence analysis framework in which sufficient conditions on weight matrices and bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Yuesheng Xu , Haizhang Zhang
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